doctoralThesis
Reinvenções na vida de pessoas com deficiência visual: caminhos à reabilitação inclusiva?
Fecha
2021-04-09Registro en:
AMORIM, Érico Gurgel. Reinvenções na vida de pessoas com deficiência visual: caminhos à reabilitação inclusiva?. 2021. 163f. Tese (Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva) - Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2021.
Autor
Amorim, Érico Gurgel
Resumen
As a result of the advances in the conquest of rights for people with disabilities during the first
years of the 21st century, a greater participation of people with different types of disabilities
has been observed in various sectors of society, however this advance has not been observed
with the same proportion in the subgroup of visual impairment. One path used by such
individuals to reach new levels of life is rehabilitation. Assuming that the spaces and practices
of rehabilitation enable the reinvention of life in the face of loss of vision, in this study we aim
to analyze the reinventions of life of the person with visual impairment along the rehabilitational
path. In this trajectory, we weave a dialogue with the deepening of interdependence based on
the theoretical-conceptual contributions developed by Elias (1994), Kittay (2011) and Butler
(2015). Methodologically, we undertake an exploratory research with a qualitative approach,
supported by dialectics and reflectivity, aiming at potentializing different knowledges. The
subjects of this research were fifteen people over eighteen years of age, blind or with low vision,
who have undergone or are undergoing visual rehabilitation and members of a university extension group focused on people with disabilities, as well as a
key informant linked to the management of the health care network for people with disabilities
in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (SESAP) and also a member of the board of directors of the
Institute of Education and Rehabilitation of the Blind of Rio Grande do Norte (IERC). To
capture the empirical data, we conducted three sessions of heterogeneous focus groups that took
place between the months of September and October 2019 and two semi-structured interviews
with managers during the same period. Later, the data were analyzed with subsidy in the
thematic contente analysis (MINAYO, 2008). The research obtained ethical approval for its
execution in accordance with current regulations involving research with human beings. As for
the results, the emerging categories emerged primarily from the inductive and ascending
analysis of the data and were constituted in three main axes: 1) spaces and practices of
rehabilitation for the constitution of new enclaves, 2) challenges to rehabilitation; and 3)
subject's rehabilitation and reinvention. It was possible to know the extent to which reinventions
constitute and permeate the material and symbolic daily lives of those who have lost their vision,
and the advances and challenges in this construction. Additionally, we propose an inclusive
model of rehabilitation with a view to better understand the instances for action between the
subject-subject-society, whose main characteristics are: biopsychosocial, interdependence,
accessibility, acceptance of diversity and appreciation of the protagonisms of the subjects. The findings of the research lead us to consider as necessary the refusal of the negative approach to
visual disability, based on the ideas of lack, deficit and defect, transmuting it to a notion of
inventive power that propels emancipation, in order to bring out a common and heterogeneous
world open to dialogue with diversity and permeated by the model of social inclusion.