masterThesis
Efeito de três estratégias de treinamento aeróbio sobre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória, composição corporal e aderência em adultos com excesso de peso: um ensaio clínico randomizado
Fecha
2018-03-26Registro en:
OLIVEIRA, Gledson Tavares de Amorim. Efeito de três estratégias de treinamento aeróbio sobre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória, composição corporal e aderência em adultos com excesso de peso: um ensaio clínico randomizado. 2018. 90f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação Física) - Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2018.
Autor
Oliveira, Gledson Tavares de Amorim
Resumen
INTRODUCTION: Previous studies on exercise and obesity have basically used aerobic
training protocols in controlled laboratory environments and their application in the real
world environment is still controversial and incipient. Therefore, it is necessary to establish
the effectiveness of these protocols in real world environments. OBJECTIVE: To analyze
the effects of moderate continuous intensity training (MICT), high intensity interval training
(HIIT), and self-selected intensity training (SSIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness, body
composition and adherence in overweight adults. METHODS: Seventy-three young adults
(45 women, 31.4 ± 7.2 years, 28.9 ± 2.7 kg.m-2) were included in this randomized controlled
trial and were allocated to three groups: MICT (n=24), HIIT (n=23) and SSIT (n=26). The
aerobic training program lasted for three months, with three sessions per week. The program
was divided into two phases, one supervised, held in an open athletics track, and one semisupervised,
held in a preferred environment. The MICT group exercised at moderate intensity
(rating of perceived exertion [RPE] = 13) for 30 minutes per session. The HIIT group was
instructed to perform 10 stimuli of 60 seconds in the vigorous intensity (RPE = 15-17),
interspersed with 60 seconds of recovery, totaling 20 minutes per session. The SSIT group
was instructed to self-select their intensity preferably for 30 minutes. Cardiorespiratory
fitness and body composition were evaluated by ergospirometry and densitometry by dual
X-ray emission, respectively, at the baseline, at the 4th week and at the 12th week. The
affective response was assessed during each exercise session. The adherence was calculated
by the ratio of the number of conclusive participants to the total number of participants
dropping out. RESULTS: Peak oxygen consumption increased in all groups at the end of the
program (MICT: 13.5 ± 14%, HIIT: 9 ± 6.8%, SSIT 12 ± 9%, p <0.05), with no difference
between them. Regarding body composition, only the SSIT group reduced total fat mass (-
5.9 ± 9.2%, p = 0.008), and increased fat free mass (1.4 ± 2.6%, p = 0.049). The SSIT and
MICT groups perceived the training as pleasurable, in contrast, the HIIT group perceived as
neutral/unpleasant (p<0.05). There was no difference in adherence between groups (p>0.05).
Additionally, there was a positive association between the affective response and the rate of
attendance to the exercise sessions in the HIIT (R = 0.774, p = 0.001) and SSIT (R = 0.536,
p = 0.015) groups. CONCLUSION: The aerobic training protocols improved the
cardiopulmonary fitness of overweight adults. A greater perception of pleasure throughout
the program was associated with a higher rate of attendance of the exercise sessions,
suggesting that a pleasurable affective response may be a determining factor for the
engagement of this population in exercise programs.