Aspectos da extração do molusco Anomalocardia brasiliana no município de Senador Georgino Avelino/ RN e avaliação de sua tolerância a diferentes salinidades em laboratório

Abstract

In Brazil, various species of bivalves presente in intertidal zones with different levels of salinity, have been widely collected by coastal communities. Considering this context, in chapter 1, a survey of the aspects of the artisanal extraction activity for the mollusk Anomalocardia brasiliana (GMELIN, 1791) was carried out, noting the aspects relative to the socio-environmental perception of the women shellfishers associated to the colony of fishers Z-13 in the municipality of Senador Georgino Avelino/RN, Brazil. The methodology used was based on interviews using a structured questionnaire, applied to 41 women shellfishers. In the results, it became clear that the extraction activity is a source of income and the shellfish are used to compliment the family diet of this group. In Chapter 2, the reduction of A. brasiliana in natural stocks during rainy periods was investigated, as reported by the women shellfishers during the interviews, and could be related to the salinity of the water in the environment. In this context, an experiment was carried out in the laboratory, where the mollusks were subjected to the salinities: 5 ppt, 15 ppt, 25 ppt, 35 ppt, 45 ppt, 55 ppt and 65 ppt, with an experimental design consisted of 7 treatments with 7 repetitions distributed in 49 experimental units with 12 individuals in each experimental unit (RODRIGUES, 2015, adapted). The animals were fed with dehydrated microalgae (Spirulina spp). Among the results obtained, a greater survival of these animals was shown in the salinities of 25 ppt and 35 ppt, noting that the oscillation in the abundance of these animals throughout the year can be directly related to the salinity found in the environment. The present study showed the relevance of A. brasiliana extraction for the women shellfishers of the municipality and the survival of this mollusk at different salinities, especially in the salinities 25 ppt and 35 ppt.