Cardinalidade dos conjuntos infinitos: uma abordagem para o ensino básico

Abstract

This work aims to present, in an introductory way, the concept of cardinality of finite and infinite sets, with emphasis on the latter. Additionally, showing some methods of comparison between the different cardinalities. To support this theory, we will recall the concept and classifications of functions. Moreover, the construction and properties of the set of natural numbers from Peano’s axioms will be presented. Thereover, we will have a basis for establishing the concepts of finite, infinite, enumerable and non-enumerable sets. Finally, this work presents a sequence of activities that aims to support math teachers of basic education to approach the subject of cardinality of the sets in their classes.