As transformações conceituais de turismo à luz da complexidade do lazer na hipermodernidade

Abstract

Tourism develops from the gained free time, the increasing leisure time possibility and its new design, which is structured in new times, under other needs, which demands a new view. Thus, leisure and tourism have always been overlapped, sometimes leisure as an element of tourism motivation, sometimes tourism as the final aim of leisure. In many cases, the efforts on tourism conceptual frameworks apply leisure as a key element. However, the hypermodern leisure overlaps, absorbs, and goes beyond the senses that are given to it. In this context, the main aimed issue to be answered was: What are the new senses assigned to tourism regarding its conceptual transformations analysis in the context of hypermodern leisure complexity? In order to answer this question, the tourism conceptual transformations were analyzed according to the hypermodern leisure complexity perspective. It was needed to: explain the conceptual underpinnings of free time, leisure and tourism and their relationships; discern in the tourism classical concepts the elements that have been fundamental to its conceptual construction, as well as demonstrate how the leisure and tourism concepts are expressed in spontaneous demonstrations of its practitioners. The research was based on a qualitative approach using as technique the content analysis. As a supportive theory it was used the complex perspective of Edgar Morin regarding the hypermodern and liquid context, proposed by Zigmund Bauman, since they are theorists who through their principles, contextualize the leisure scenario on hypermodernity. As main result, it was confirmed the hypothesis that tourism is a particularity of leisure, which differs from the others by considering the travel component that results in a tourist experience from the rooting and uprooting process of people and their practices. Also as a result, the tourism as a particularity of leisure brings new senses to the phenomenon, considering the recognition of new senses in the basis of its key elements. This fact changes not only the scientific understanding about tourism, but also brings implications in superstructure and infrastructure organization, in the relationship between supply and demand, as well as in tourist practices in general.