Condições sociodemográficas, clínicas e intervenção sobre a técnica de administração de dispositivos inalatórios

Abstract

Objective: To identify the sociodemographic and clinical profile, and intervene in the inhalation technique of patients at a pulmonology clinic who use therapeutic devices. Methods: Prospective, interventional and cross-sectional study, covering 100 patients with respiratory manifestations, from which sociodemographic data were collected, regarding the main diagnosis for the medical appointment and the management of the inhalation device. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata v 12.0© software. Results: It was observed that 89% of patients have a monthly income of up to one minimum wage, 69% are illiterate or have only completed elementary school and had the main diagnosis of respiratory manifestations after COVID-19. There was also a high prevalence (40%) of individuals who needed emergency services associated with respiratory symptoms. Regarding the profile of inhaler device use, 67.3% of the patients performed the incorrect inhalation technique for a dry powder inhaler, and 90.6% for a metered-dose aerosol inhaler. Conclusion: The main clinical profile observed refers to respiratory manifestations associated with post-COVID-19 symptoms and sequelae. There was a prevalence of incorrect use of inhaler devices; therefore, about 40% of the population studied required emergency care. In order to try to correct these distortions, there were educational and corrective nature of interventions on the handling of DI. In this scenario, the need for effective access to medication and adequate patient training is highlighted, so that the inhalation technique can be improved, in order to ensure the effectiveness of disease control and user safety.