Variabilidade do conteúdo de ozônio da rede Shadoz em duas estações tropicais: Natal e Paramaribo

Abstract

Ozone (O3) is a natural gas that filters the sun's ultraviolet radiation and thus reduces the harmful effects of type B ultraviolet radiation (UV-B) that reach the Earth, acts as a protective shield and therefore the importance of studying the stratospheric O3. The study aims to identify the modes of seasonal and interannual variability of O3 in Natal and Paramaribo, using O3 vertical profile data due to mixing from the SHADOZ network station and observed data from ERA5 for 21 years of data (1998-2018). ) to the height of 29 km. With the equations of the time series, mean and standard deviation, it was possible to calculate the monthly values and climatology of the series studied. To compare the data series, the correlation and the MBE (Mean Bias Error), MABE (Mean Absolute Bias Error) and RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error) indices were used, which correspond to the average error between the data. The regression line was used to show trends in the cities' O3 data and the Morlet wavelet transform was used to determine the interannual variability modes of the ozone vertical profile. The highest values of O3 content are in the range of 27 to 30 km and the climatologies for these same heights (0 to 30 km) show that the highest values of O3 content occur in February and April and the lowest in May and June, having a high standard deviation. The anomalies for the two regions showed an oscillation that happens every two years that are influenced by the almost biennial oscillation. Several O3 maxima were found in the Hovmöller diagram for ERA 5 at 29 km, with highest peaks in 1995 and 2000, 2014/2015, with highest values of seasonal variability in August, September and October. O3 trends were maintained in the series studied for ERA (1998-2018, 1979-2018) and SHADOZ (1998-2018) and had low variability. For Natal, the relative differences showed that SHADOZ in relation to ERA 5 had an approximate R2 of (0.80), with an RMSE of 6%, underestimation of ERA 5 in relation to SHADOZ (1.69% ± 13, 7%) and MABE with values of 7.42% ± 13.7%. Paramaribo, the relative differences showed that the data from SHADOZ in relation to ERA an R2 of (0.90), with an RMSE of 8.4%, underestimation of ERA 5 in relation to SHADOZ (1.05% ± 45.6 %) and MABE with values of 11.2% ± 45.6%. The climatology of ERA (1998-2018, 1979-2018) and SHADOZ (1998-2018) showed that the series had their maximum between February and March and September and October and the minimum between May and July, with a defined semi-annual cycle. As a result of the wavelets and comparison of the O3 anomalies with the climatic indices for SHADOZ and ERA 5 at 29km showed that QBO has a greater influence on O3 in Natal, the other indices would need a larger series to see the influence.