masterThesis
Efeitos do programa de exercícios multicomponentes em grupos de idosos comunitários com baixa escolaridade: ensaio clínico randomizado duplo cego
Fecha
2021-01-29Registro en:
SILVA, Neildja Maria da. Efeitos do programa de exercícios multicomponentes em grupos de idosos comunitários com baixa escolaridade: ensaio clínico randomizado duplo cego. 2021. 110f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Reabilitação) - Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde do Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2021.
Autor
Silva, Neildja Maria da
Resumen
Introduction: Multicomponent training involves more than one type of exercise during an
intervention performed with the elderly, exercises aimed at strengthening, balance training, and
agility are widely applied, in addition, cognitive tasks can be associated. most Brazilian studies
with multicomponent exercise programs with community-dwelling elderly people belong to the
southern and southeastern regions of Brazil, where elderly people with higher formal education
predominate, and that there is limited evidence on the application of these programs in elderly
people with low formal education. Objective: to analyze the effects on the physical and
hemodynamic functions of elderly community members with low formal education through a
multicomponent program adapted with a double task in relation to simple multicomponent
exercises performed in groups. Methods: This is a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Elderly
people over 60 years old, both sexes and who did not have serious orthopedic and neurological
diseases were included. Twenty-one elderly people were randomly allocated to two groups: G1 (n
= 11) and G2 (n = 10) and sixteen completed the sixteen sessions for six weeks, three times a week.
During eight sessions, (G1) performed multi-component exercises adapted with dual task AgeingONDUAL-TASK (strengthening, balance and cognitive tasks) and (G2) simple multi-component
exercises adapted (strengthening, balance) and the two groups performed simple multi-component
exercises during eight sessions. Three evaluations were carried out, first (pre), second (post) and
third evaluation. PCL, SPPB, TUG, F8W, DUAL-TASK-Questionare, FES-I-Brasil and
computerized posturography were applied. Results: It was found that both groups showed
homogeneity in the sociodemographic profile and in the clinical and physical-functional
characteristics. Cognitive function did not show intergroup difference, however, G2 showed an
increase in PCL after the third assessment (p = 0.031). Frailty showed intergroup improvement in
SPPB scores after the third assessment (p = 0.008), as well as mobility by simple (p = 0.011),
motor (p = 0.018) and cognitive (p = 0.010) tests. In addition, after the third assessment, dynamic
balance also showed intergroup improvement in simple (p = 0.018), motor (p = 0.022) and
cognitive (p = 0.018), as well as G2's cognitive F8W improved between the second and the second.
third assessment (p = 0.034). The results of posturography show significant intergroup differences
between the medians (between the 1st and 2nd and 1st and 3rd assessments). In G1, differences in
body oscillations were observed between the 1st and 2nd assessments in the anteroposterior
position under the following conditions: semantic verbal fluency (p = 0.035), calculations (p =
0.043), memory / attention (p = 0.011). In the mid-lateral position, there was a statistical difference
in the condition of open eyes (p = 0.039). In group 2, significant differences were found between
the 1st and 3rd assessments of the oscillation in the mid-lateral position for open eyes (p = 0.031)
and memory / attention (p = 0.031), the total displacement showed differences in all conditions.
The hemodynamic function remained within the normal range, with no significant changes after
the sessions. Conclusion: It was observed that multicomponent exercises with dual tasks had
similar effects to simple multicomponent exercises. The elderly of both interventions showed
improvement in mobility, fragility, static postural control and hemodynamic balance and stability.