Fatores associados ao absenteísmo na enfermagem: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Absenteeism in nursing has turned into a problem for the health institutions in the country, especially in the hospital environment. Its consequences are terrible for the quality of patient care, but also for maintaining the health and satisfaction of these professionals. Therefore knowing the factors involved in absenteeism is a way to be able to intervene consciously and more effectively on the problem. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the contribution of Brazilian scientific journals in the years 2003 to 2013, relating to associated with absenteeism due to illness in nursing in the context of a hospital environment factors. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative review in which a search online through the Virtual Health Library was performed, the databases are used: BDENF, LILACS and SciELO. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Most of the articles are descriptive studies, with place of origin in the Southeast, in university hospitals and predominantly female sample. And index of absolute absenteeism showed that all items have a value above 50% of total employees of sampling. The professional profile that has the highest index is technical / nursing assistant, female and that is allocated in Intensive Care Units. Regarding the most frequent diseases cited as direct causes of absenteeism stand out musculoskeletal and mental and behavioral disorders. All articles proposed intervention methods. Examples include the use of capital in the area of human resources for motivation and employee satisfaction, creating instruments to identify those with the highest rates of absenteeism for better planning managers, and training professionals related to the field of occupational health. CONCLUSION: The study revealed that many factors may be linked to the absence of the employee in the company, such as: the process of work, their conditions, how work is organized and the environment in which it operates. Moreover, the results obtained allowed a greater understanding of the health status of these workers and the professional profile that presents greater risks of illness, as well as various intervention strategies that are of paramount importance in order to alleviate the problem of absenteeism.