Efeito do número de demonstrações na aprendizagem de uma habilidade motora discreta

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different numbers of demonstrations on the learning of a discreet motor skill, dart throwing with postero-anterior movement. A sample of 40 subjects of both sex aged between 18 and 40 who reached the criterion performance and did the correct pattern movement was taken from 74 volunteer college students. They were randomly assigned to two groups: two (D2) and ten (D10) demonstrations. The subjects were asked to throw a dart with póstero-anterior movement into a circle target placed parallel to the ground. The experiment consisted to two phases: acquisition, in which the subjects of each group reached score band criterion (three consecutive trials between 7 and 10 points) with trials 2.5 m away from the target center; and transfer test, with 10 trials 3 m away from the target center. No difference was found in the quantitative analysis (score average and CV) between the groups (p>0.05). However, intragroup differences were observed, an increase in accuracy and a decrease in score variability during the acquisition phase and a decrease in accuracy and an increase in variability from the acquisition phase to the transfer test. D2 and D10 were similar in the qualitative measure analysis, number of trials to reach the criterion performance. However, D10 was superior to D2 in relation to the total number of9viisubjects who perform the correct pattern movement and the number of subjects who reach the criterion performance. The results show that the number of demonstrations has a specially marked effect on the quality of movement spatial pattern, pointing to the superiority of the group that received 10 demonstrations.