| dc.description.abstract | The aim of this study is to analyze how individual and occupational characteristics and region of residence of Brazilian workers influence their chances of being included mismatched in the labor market overeducated or undereducated, attempting to understand the causes for the growth and persistence of mismatches between educational level of workers and educational requirements of occupations in recent decades. In addition, we examine the impacts of overeducation/undereducation on workers' incomes, emphasizing the perspectives of individual, occupational and, despite of all, regional factors. For this study, three-year period samples were selected from the PNAD database, provided by IBGE, for the period 1993-2008. The study included individuals (men and women) in age interval contained between 24 and 59 years living in urban areas. The descriptive analysis showed the increased incidence of overeducation and decline in undereducation rates for all regions of Brazil over the analyzed period (1993-2008). The determinants of mismatches, examined by multinomial models, suggested that overeducation and undereducation may be partly explained by spatial factors, such as the size of region of residence, as well as the migration condition of individuals. The results also indicated that the Brazilian labor market is still segregated by race and gender. The estimates of earnings equations reveal consistent effects of overeducation and undereducation on wages over time, indicating that the overeducated are penalized by the surplus years of study, because they are paid at lower rates compared to matched individuals. On the other hand, undereducated earn superior returns compared to the gains obtained by the matched individuals, committing the classic positive relationship between wages and education. | |
