Sistema Canabinoide: um possível caminho para o tratamento da neuralgia do trigêmeo

Abstract

The trigeminal neuralgia (NT) is a type of neuropathic pain, which affects the orofacial region, causes an intense painful, recurrent and characteristic. Also known as trigeminal neuralgia, Fothergill's disease, painful prosopalgia, paroxysmal facial pain syndrome or even as a painful tic, presents low incidence rates, but is capable of causing serious complications to the quality of life of the wearer, as it may interfere in the professional performance, educational and even with their capacity for social interaction. The NT is a complex pain condition, with several particularities both in relation to its cause as well as its symptomatology and its possible forms of treatment, so that analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs, usually used for the control of pain, in general are not effective. In addition, other pharmacological classes used to treat it can trigger side effects that are not tolerated by patients and even serious adverse reactions and still as a complicating factor for the treatment, surgical procedures indicated as an alternative to certain situations can cause sequelae, which are sometimes irreversible. Over the years, various chemical substances extracted from plants have already been used because of their therapeutic properties, such as delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the most important active principle of Cannabis Sativa and cannabidiol (CBD), the other cannabinoid, both recognized for presenting, among other effects, analgesic potential, including for the control of neuropathic pain. The aim of this study was to investigate articles and other publications about the use of cannabinoids in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, in order to obtain evidence of the efficacy of these substances, to provide information that allows analysis of this probable therapeutic possibility and to demonstrate if there are any perspectives of the system cannabinoid to become a possible way to treat NT, and even other orofacial pains of neuropathic origin, not responsive to existing treatments.