Reabilitação do membro superior e a funcionalidade de indivíduos pós-ave: uma revisão narrativa da literatura

Abstract

Stroke is a neurological dysfunction with high incidence and prevalence in the world, responsible for many deaths and disabilities to survivors. Among these disabilities is the involvement of the upper limb (UL) causing great damage to the functioning of these individuals. According to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), functioning refers to body structures and functions, activity and participation. The aim of this study was to perform a narrative review of the literature on UL rehabilitation and the functioning of post-stroke individuals. We searched the electronic databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO). The eligibility criteria were: studies performed with post-stroke individuals aged 18 years or older; studies with experimental design that carried out an intervention aimed to rehabilitation of UL; studies which submitted the individuals to the functioning evaluation; published until August 2018, in any language. A total of 848 studies were found, 12 were selected and all of them were randomized clinical trials. The included studies used 25 different measurement instruments to assess the functioning of post-stroke individuals, and the majority of them (n = 15, 60%) aimed to evaluate aspects related to the CIF activity domain. The most commonly used measurement instrument was the Fugl Meyer Assessment (n = 11, 91.6%). The use of measurement instruments and interventions aimed the social participation of post-stroke individuals was scarce. There were found 10 distinct interventions aimed the rehabilitation of UL post-stroke. All of the studies showed positive results regarding the improvement of the individuals functioning, however, the interventions proposed in the experimental groups were superior when compared to conventional therapies in the most of the studies (n = 8, 66.6%).