| dc.description.abstract | Cryptococcus neoformans species complex are opportunistic fungi that cause meningitis in both immunocompetent patients and in healthy individuals. This work aimed to study the species of circulating Cryptococcus neoformans species complex isolated from northeastern Brazil from both the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) of patients with infectious meningitis as various environmental substrates. Samples of CSF were received at IPH/HEMOLACEN/SE in the period 2001 to 2007. Were carried out 104 environmental samples within the state of Sergipe, of which 55 were obtained from the feces of birds and four stool samples collected from bat caves. The other samples were obtained from plant materials, totaling 45 samples: 21 from Eucalyptus spp., eight from material of decomposing trunks of plants, 10 from plant collected in two squares, six from Anacardium occidentale L. - (Cashew). CSF was examined by direct microscopy by staining with Indian ink and cultured in Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol at 25 °C and 37 ºC. In the period from 2005 to 2007 were obtained from 141 environmental isolates and35 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans species complex. Ecological and epidemiological inferences were determined. In addition characteristics of isolates were carried out by tests for presumptive phenotypic identification, through Niger medium and species into the CGB test, sensitivity to the antifungal, enzymatic characterization of biotypes of interest and/or marker lines, determining sexual mating type using PCR and PCR Fingerprintig with primer M13. Among the strains of Cryptococcus spp. isolated from CSF of patients with infectious meningitis in the state of Sergipe, in the period from 2001 to 2009, prevaled the species C. neoformans. Among the environmental strains, only one sample of 140, was identified as C. gattii. All samples from thefeces of birds were positive in the isolation of yeast. Clinical isolates ofCryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii originating from patients withcryptococcal meningitis in the state of Sergipe exhibited higher values ofminimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to the antifungal agents tested, which symbolizes high rate of resistance, especially to amphotericin B and fluconazole. In relation to sexual mating type was evident that most of the clinics were MAT strains, confirming the character of virulence of this yeast. However, among the environmental isolates the MATa was more prevalent, showing the character of these less virulent strains. Cryptococcus neoformans was the only species amplified by PCR fingerprinting. There was a presence among the local samples of three different genetic profiles belonging to the same species. | |
