Fatores dificultadores que influenciam na utilização da hipotermia terapêutica como medida profilática pós-parada cardiorrespiratória nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva

Abstract

Cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is associated with a high morbidity and mortality caused by abrupt cessation of cerebral blood flow, producing ischemia of neurons. Most deaths occur in the first 24 hours post-CPA return in spontaneous cerebral circulation. In this context, therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to be an effective treatment in reducing ischemic brain damage produced during the various neurological diseases. Hypothermia reduces cerebral oxygen demand, providing protection against ischemia. Despite presenting a cardioprotective effect, reduce mortality and neurological sequelae after CRA it's estimated that therapeutic hypothermia is used in less than 30% of patients with indication for this treatment. Given this, this study sought to identify the limiting factors that influence the use of therapeutic hypothermia as measured post-PCR, in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs). This is a study of integrative literature review, drawn from searching on the Virtual Health Library site, where selected a sample containing 03 articles, including national and international publications from which a qualitative analysis was performed data collected. Were identified as hindering factors; the lack of integration between services and emergency and ICU, some criteria for inclusion of certain institutional protocols, the delay in the onset of CPA maneuvers, the need for invasive monitoring, complications related to hypothermia, the small number of studies on the subject. It is hoped that this study may provide critical care professionals a better understanding of the factors that compromise respects the use of therapeutic hypothermia as a prophylactic measure post-cardiorespiratory arrest so that there is a strategy to disseminate and encourage the use of this practice in the intensive care patient post CPA.