A produção do espaço e os limites do capital: contradições na relação entre Estado, planejamento e a OUC ACLO em Belo Horizonte

Abstract

This dissertation aims to understand the attempt to apply the urban instrument Operação Urabana Consorciada (OUC) and the issues surrounding its peculiarities in Belo Horizonte (OUC Antônio Carlos/Pedro I Leste/Oeste). From the analysis of the use of this instrument in other cities in Brazil and how it is characterized by Brazilian law, we recognize the need to deepen the reflections on contemporary capitalism. To this end, we made an incursion into the Marxian analysis of capital development, from the fundamentals of simple circulation to the capital as a whole. We intend, therefore, to understand how the fundamental contradictions of capital are developed, contituting elements that become barriers within its historical unfolding. In this context, some elements gain centrality, such as the financial and fictitious capital, the urban land rent and the dessubstancialização of capital. In this situation, in which capital replaces its contradictions in a continuous and expanded way seeking to overcome itself, the urban instruments appear as a form of state action by which it would be possible to retain, to redistribute according to criteria of public policies, a portion of the plues-value of urban land, thus fulfilling its constitutional role. What, however, comes up against a misconception of the relationship between the production of urban space and the contradictions of capital, where the action of the State, through the urban instruments, is treated as a separate component of capital deepening its critical dynamics. We therefore return to the categories of political economy to advance in understanding how these "public" elements are separated out of the totalizing dynamics of capital, considering the illusory character of OUC because their redistribution potential is also what creates the conditions to changes in the urban land rent and critical reproduction of capital.