Comparação entre os efeitos do binivel e do CPAP no tratamento do edema agudo de pulmão cardiogênico: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Background: Acute pulmonary edema (APE) is a clinical syndrome characterized by accumulation of abnormal fluid in extravascular lung by imbalance of forces hemodynamic of Starling. Significant steps in the treatment of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema are: administration of oxygen, nitrates, loop diuretics, opioids, and the proper positioning with the legs open. If there is no improvement in symptoms, it is necessary to use noninvasive ventilation (NIV). Objective: To compare through review of literature the effects of non-invasive ventilation in the treatment of acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) versus Biphasic Positive Pressure Airway (bilevel). Methodology: This study was conducted through a review of literature of studies published from the following databases: Medline and Scielo. Selected articles written in English and one in Portuguese. The references articles selected were also examined and relevant articles identified. Results: In all the research 23 articles were identified. After selecting a function of variables of interest, we selected 14 items for conducting this study. Conclusion: The two forms of noninvasive ventilation and CPAP and BILEVEL showed similar clinical effects, and the BILEVEL is an important strategy of ventilated support in patients in emergency cases with hypercapnia and a significant increase in respiratory work, however, more study is still needed on the subject to obtain better conclusions.