Tratamento cirúrgico das disfunções temporomandibulares

Abstract

This study is a literature review that aims to show the surgical treatments in temporomandibular disorders, their indications, contraindications and associated complications. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) is a multifactorial pathology with a high incidence rate. Accurate knowledge of the anatomy and functioning of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is necessary to understand the pathological processes that occur in it. Clinical treatment should be the first-line therapy for TMD. The main signs and symptoms associated with dysfunction are pain, limitation of mouth opening and loss of masticatory function. Surgical treatments are indicated in the absence of success with clinical treatments. Minimally invasive procedures such as arthrocentesis and arthroscopy have low rate of complications and easy execution. In cases of more severe mechanical block, pathologies and tumors, the arthrotomy is indicated with several modalities. They present a higher complication rate because of open surgery, but all with similar success rates. Studies with a more rigorous methodology in the evaluation of improvement of signs and symptoms should be performed to better determine the type of surgery to be performed in a TMD patient whose clinical treatment was ineffective.