Artículos de revistas
La independencia judicial y el precedente vinculante : una tensión aparente
Judicial independence vs. binding precedent : a misleading objection
Date
2021Registration in:
1850-9371
2314-3061 (online)
Author
Ratti Mendaña, Florencia Soledad
Institutions
Abstract
Resumen : El trabajo revisa la noción de independencia judicial y su
relación con el precedente vinculante desde una perspectiva iberoamericana,
con especial énfasis en los ordenamientos jurídicos argentino
y brasileño. Se advierte que impera una concepción de independencia
judicial que la categoriza como garantía reconocida en favor del juez
y no como un derecho que asiste a las partes, lo que provoca una
oposición infundada hacia el precedente judicial. En su reemplazo, se
propone una revalorización de la independencia judicial a partir del
análisis de su esencia y finalidad. La propuesta se inspira en la labor
de la Cumbre Judicial Iberoamericana; en especial, en los principios
contenidos en el Código Modelo Iberoamericano de Ética Judicial y
en el Estatuto del Juez Iberoamericano, que reconocen al justiciable
como protagonista del proceso y razón de ser del sistema judicial. Tal
perspectiva disipa toda tensión entre la independencia judicial y el
respeto por lo ya resuelto en casos análogos anteriores. Abstract: This paper revisits the notion of judicial independence and
its relationship with binding precedent in Ibero-America, with special
emphasis on the Argentinian and Brazilian legal systems. It evidences
the prevalence of an idea of judicial independence as a guarantee for
the judge instead of a guarantee for the parties, and states that such
misconception causes an unfounded opposition to precedent. The
work proposes a notion of judicial independence developed from the
analysis of its essence and purpose. That proposition is inspired by
principles contained in the “Código Modelo Iberoamericano de Ética
Judicial” and the “Estatuto del Juez Iberoamericano”, both developed
during the Ibero-American Judicial Summit. Those documents
put parties in the core of the judicial process and conceives them as
the reason for judicial independence. Such perspective removes any
opposition between judicial independence and respect for what it has
been decided in similar previous cases.
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