Aplicaciones de caucho reciclado: Una revisión de la literatura

dc.creatorPeláez Arroyave, Gabriel Jaime
dc.creatorVelásquez Restrepo, Sandra Milena
dc.creatorGiraldo Vásquez, Diego Hernán
dc.date2017-08-01
dc.identifierhttps://revistas.unimilitar.edu.co/index.php/rcin/article/view/2143
dc.identifier10.18359/rcin.2143
dc.descriptionThe generation of rubber waste has become a global concern for its negative impact on the environment and human health. Environmental legislation on the disposal of this kind of residue has been increasing the demands on the manufacturers, traders, and users; therefore, has accelerated the search for alternatives to reclaim rubber waste. This article presents a bibliographical review of the main tendencies in the use of recycled rubber, including currently commercialized applications and others derived from finished studies or ongoing research lines. The applications with greater potential regarding consumed volume are related to infrastructure and civil construction sector, especially asphalts, concretes and isolators for lightweight construction. Some other applications with potential shortly are filters for cleaning contaminated water and as a component in thermoplastic matrix or polyurethane composites materials. Finally, it is evident the pertinence of continuing research on this subject that has scientific challenges of high relevance, which warrant the greatest attention for the management of rubber waste.
dc.descriptionLa generación de residuos de caucho se ha convertido en una preocupación global por su impacto negativo en el medio ambiente y en la salud humana. La legislación ambiental sobre la disposición de este tipo de residuos ha venido aumentando las exigencias a los fabricantes, comercializadores y usuarios, con lo cual se ha acelerado la búsqueda de alternativas para el reaprovechamiento de los residuos de caucho. Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica acerca de las principales tendencias en la utilización del caucho reciclado, incluyendo aplicaciones actualmente comercializadas y otras derivadas, tanto de estudios terminados, como de líneas de investigación en desarrollo. Las aplicaciones con mayor potencial de volumen consumido son del sector infraestructura y construcciones civiles, especialmente asfaltos, concretos y materiales aislantes para construcción liviana. Algunas aplicaciones con potencial en el futuro cercano son los filtros para la limpieza de aguas contaminadas y como componente en materiales compuestos con matriz termoplástica o en poliuretano. Por último, se evidencia la pertinencia de continuar investigando sobre esta temática que posee unos retos científicos de alta relevancia, los cuales ameritan la mayor atención por el problema ambiental significativo asociado al manejo de los residuos de caucho.
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.formattext/html
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherUniversidad Militar Nueva Granada
dc.relationhttps://revistas.unimilitar.edu.co/index.php/rcin/article/view/2143/2479
dc.relationhttps://revistas.unimilitar.edu.co/index.php/rcin/article/view/2143/2661
dc.relation/*ref*/Y. Fang, M. Zhan y Y. Wang, “The Status of Recycling of Waste Rubber,” Materials & Design, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 123-127, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0261-3069(00)00052-2
dc.relation/*ref*/Malaysian Rubber Board [MRB], “Archive: Natural Rubber Statistics 2015,” 2015. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.lgm.gov.my/nrstat/nrstats.pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/International Rubber Study Group [IRSG], “Latest World Rubber Industry Outlook now available from IRSG”, 2014. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.rubberstudy.com/news-article.aspx?id=5081&b=earlier-news.aspx
dc.relation/*ref*/L. C. Alves, M. M. Rubinger, E. Tavares, J. Janczak et al., “Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, Crystal Structure and Natural Rubber Vulcanization Activity of New Disulfides Derived form Sulfonyldithiocarbimates,” Journal of Molecular Structure, vol. 1048, pp. 244-251, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.05.062
dc.relation/*ref*/G. Peláez, S. Velásquez y D. Giraldo, “Aditivos para el Procesamiento del Caucho Natural y su Aplicación en Pequeñas Plantaciones de Caucho,” Informador Técnico, vol. 78, no. 2, pp. 166-174, 2014.
dc.relation/*ref*/H. Manuel y W. Dierkes. Recycling Rubber. Shawbury. Shropshire, Inglaterra. R. Dolbey: Rapra Technology Limited, 1997.
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Sienkiewicz, J. Kucinska-Lipka, JH. Janik y A. Balas, “Progress in used tyres management in the European Union: A review,” Waste Management, vol. 32, no. 10, pp. 1742-1751, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.05.010
dc.relation/*ref*/Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial, “Resolución 1457”: Por la cual se Establecen los Sistemas de Recolección Selectiva y Gestión Ambiental de Llantas Usadas y se Adoptan Otras Disposiciones. Bogotá, Colombia, Jul. 2010.
dc.relation/*ref*/Agence France Presse [AFP], “Iglús en Colombia? Sí, pero de llantas de desecho,” 2015. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.elespectador.com/noticias/nacional/iglus-colombia-si-de-llantas-de-desecho-articulo-551771
dc.relation/*ref*/R. Siddique y T. Naik, “Properties of Concrete Containing Scrap-tire Rubber – An Overview,” Waste Managment, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 563-569, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2004.01.006
dc.relation/*ref*/A. Meddah, M. Beddar y A. Bali, “Use of Shredded Rubber Tire Aggregates for Roller Compacted Concrete Pavement,” Journal of Cleaner Production, vol. 72, pp. 187-192, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.02.052
dc.relation/*ref*/European Tyre & Rubber Manufacturers’ Association [ETRMA], “Statics Booklet N. 6”, 2014. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.etrma.org/uploads/documents/20150408%20-%20Statistics%20booklet%202014%20FINAL%20(modified).pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Forrest. Recycling and Re-use of Waste Rubber. Shrewsbury, Reino Unido: Smithers Rapra Technology, 2014.
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Sienkiewicz, J. Kucinska-Lipka, H. Janik y A. Balas, “Progress in used tyres management in the European Union: A review,” Waste Management, vol. 32, no. 10, pp. 1742-1751, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2012.05.010
dc.relation/*ref*/European Tyre & Rubber Manufacturers’ Association [ETRMA], “End of Life Tyres: A Valiable Resource with Growing Potential”, 2010. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.etrma.org/uploads/Modules/Documentsmanager/brochure-elt-2011-final.pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/Irevna, “Tire Recycling Industry: A Global View,” s. f. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/38732587/tire-recycling-industry-global-research-amp-analytics
dc.relation/*ref*/S. Ramarad, M. Khalid, C. Ratnam, A. Chuah y W. Rashmi, “Waste tire rubber in polymer blends: A review on the evolution, properties and future,” Progress in Material Science, vol. 72, pp. 100-140, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2015.02.004
dc.relation/*ref*/J. Chong, L. Mason, S. Pillora y D. Giurco. Product Stewardship Schemes in Asia: China, South Korea, Japan and Taiwan. Sydney, Australia: Institue for Sustainable Futures, University of Technology Sydney, 2009.
dc.relation/*ref*/Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente [Conama], “Resolução no. 416 de 2009”, 2009. Brasilia, Brasil. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.mma.gov.br/port/conama/legiabre.cfm?codlegi=616
dc.relation/*ref*/Ministerio del Ambiente, “Acuerdo no. 020”, 2013. Quito, Ecuador. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/ecu139932.pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/Ministerio de Vivienda, Ordenamiento Territorial y Medio Ambiente [MVOTMA], “Decreto 358 de 2015,” 2015. Montevideo, Uruguay. [En línea]. Disponible en: https://www.impo.com.uy/bases/decretos/358-2015
dc.relation/*ref*/V. Ramírez y J. Antero, “Evolución de la Normativa Ambiental Colombiana en Función de las Tendencias Mundiales de Desarrollo Sostenible,” Revista NOOS, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 34-55, 2013.
dc.relation/*ref*/C. Lagarinhos y J. Tenório, “Logística reversa dos pneus usados no Brasil,” Polímeros, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 49-58, 2013.
dc.relation/*ref*/Colombia, Alcaldía de Bogotá, “Decreto 442 de 2015”: Por medio del cual se crea el Programa de aprovechamiento y/o valorización de llantas usadas en el Distrito Capital y se adoptan otras disposiciones, 2015. Bogotá, Colombia. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=63644
dc.relation/*ref*/Federación Interamericana del Cemento [FICEM], “Marco Normativo sobre Coprocesamiento y Gestión de Residous en Iberoamérica,” 2009. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.ficem.org/ficem/temas-clave/recuperacion-de-residuos/marco-normativo-sobre-coprocesamiento.html
dc.relation/*ref*/E. Abraham, B. Cherian, P. Elbi, L. Pothen y S. Thomas, “Recent Advances in the Recycling of Rubber Waste,” en A. Fainleib y O. Grigoryeva, Recent Developments in Polymer Recycling. Kerala, India. Transworld Research Network. pp. 47-100, 2011.
dc.relation/*ref*/B. Adhikari, D. De y S. Maiti, “Reclamation and Recycling of Waste Rubber,” Progress in Polymer Science, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 909-948, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0079-6700(00)00020-4
dc.relation/*ref*/The Schumacher Centre for Technology & Development, “Practical Action: Recycling Rubber,” s. f. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://practicalaction.org/media/preview/10541
dc.relation/*ref*/V. Rajan, W. Dierkes, R. Joseph y J. Noordermeer, “Science and Technology of Rubber Reclamation with Special Attention to NR-based Waste Latex Products,” Progress in Polymer Science, vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 811-834, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.08.003
dc.relation/*ref*/L. Rincón, J. Coma, G. Pérez, A. Castell, D. Boer y L. Cabeza, “Environmental Performance of Recycled Rubber as Drainage Layer in Extensive Green Roofs. A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment,” Building and Environment, vol. 74, pp. 22-30, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.01.001
dc.relation/*ref*/Instituto de Biomécanica de Valencia [IBV], “Study of the Incidence of Recycled Rubber from Tyres in Environment and Human Health”, s. f. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.isss-sportsurfacescience.org/downloads/documents/muw7lmt0wh_ibv.pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/Y. C. Guo, J. H. Zhang, G. Chen, G. M. Chen y Z. H. Xie, “Fracture Behaviors of a New Steel Fiber Reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete with Crumb Rubber,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 53, pp. 32-39, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.075
dc.relation/*ref*/K. San Song, I. Hajirasouliha y K. Pilakoutas, “Strength and Deformability of Waste Tyre Rubber-filled Reinforced Concrete Columns,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 218-226, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.06.035
dc.relation/*ref*/A. Khaloo, M. Dehestani y P. Rahmatadabi, “Mechanical properties of concrete containing a high volume of tire–rubber particles,” Waste Management, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 2472-2482, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.01.015
dc.relation/*ref*/X. Shu y B. Huang, “Recycling of Waste Tire Rubber in Asphalt and Portland Cement Concrete: An Overview,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 67, pp. 217-224, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.11.027
dc.relation/*ref*/Universe Projects, “Applications for Recycled Rubber”, s. f. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.universe-projects.com/technologies/tire-recycling/applications-for-recycled-rubber/. [URL deshabilitado].
dc.relation/*ref*/Valorpneu, “Informação Técnica: Soluções para Pneus Usados: Reutilização para Outros Fins,” s. f. [Em línea]. Disponible en: http://valorpneu.pt/artigo.aspx?lang=pt&id_object=224&name=Reutilizacao-para-Outros-Fins
dc.relation/*ref*/Micor Recycling Ltd., “Knowledge Center,” s. f. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.micorrecycling.com/knowledge.php
dc.relation/*ref*/S. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wu y Y. Zhang, “Asphalt modified by thermoplastic elastomer based on recycled rubber,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 93, pp. 678-684, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.06.047
dc.relation/*ref*/A. Yilmaz y N. Degirmenci, “Possibility of Using Waste Tire Rubber and Fly Ash with Portland Cement as Construction Materials,” Waste Managment, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 1541-1546, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.11.002
dc.relation/*ref*/X. Jian-he, G. Yong-Chang, L. Li-sha y X. Zhi-hong, “Compressive and Flexural Behaviours of a New Steel-fibre-reinforced Recycled Aggregate Concrete with Crumb Rubber,” Construction and Building Materials, vol. 79, pp. 263-272, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.01.036
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Spizzuoco, A. Calabrese y G. Serino, “Innovative Low-cost Recycled Rubber–fiber Reinforced Isolator: Experimental Tests and Finite Element Analyses,” Engineering Structures, vol. 76, pp. 99-111, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.07.001
dc.relation/*ref*/S. Clavijo, A. Vera y N. Vera, “La inversión en infraestructura en Colombia 2012-2020,” Carta Financiera ANIF, vol. 00, no. 0161, pp. 11-19, 2013.
dc.relation/*ref*/Ministerio de Transporte, Departamento Nacional de Planeación [DNP], “Plan de vías compatibles con el clima,” Bogotá, 2014. [En línea]. Disponible en: http://www.minambiente.gov.co/images/cambioclimatico/pdf/Plan_nacional_de_adaptacion/Plan_V%C3%ADas-CC_V%C3%ADas_Compatibles_con_el_Clima.pdf
dc.relation/*ref*/J. Pfretzschner y R. Rodríguez, “Acoustic Properties of Rubber Crumbs,” Polymer Testing, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 81-92, 1998. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9418(98)00009-9
dc.relation/*ref*/Z. Hong, L. Bo, H. Guangsu y H. Jia, “A Novel Composite Sound Absorber with Recycled Rubber Particles,” Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 304 no. 1-2, pp. 400-406, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2007.02.024
dc.relation/*ref*/R. Maderuelo-Sanz, M. Martín-Castizo y R. Vílchez-Gómez, “The Performance of Resilient Layers Made from Recycled Rubber Fluff for Impact Noise Reduction,” Applied Acoustics, vol. 72, no. 11, pp. 823-828, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2011.05.004
dc.relation/*ref*/J. Czemiel Berndtsson, “Green roof performance towards management of runoff water quantity and quality: A review,” Ecological Engineering, vol, 36, no. 4, pp. 351-366, 2010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.12.014
dc.relation/*ref*/G. Pérez, A. Vila, L. Rincón, C. Solé y L. Cabeza, “Use of Rubber Crumbs as Drainage Layer in Green Roofs as Potential Energy Improvement Material,” Applied Energy, vol. 97, pp. 347-354, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.11.051
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Anderson, K. Kirkland, T. Guidotti y C. Rose, “A Case Study of Tire Crumb Use on Playgrounds: Risk Analysis and Communication when Major Cli-nical Knowledge Gaps Exist,” Environmental Health Perspectives, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 1-3, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.7629
dc.relation/*ref*/L. Solano, A. Ristvey, J. Lea-Cox y S. Cohan, “Sequestering Zinc from Recycled Crumb Rubber in Extensive Green Roof Media,” Ecological Engineering, vol. 47, pp. 284-290, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2012.07.002
dc.relation/*ref*/L. Rincón, J. Coma, G. Pérez, A. Castell, D. Boer y L. Cabeza, “Environmental Performance of Recycled Rubber as Drainage Layer in Extensive Green Roofs. A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment,” Building and Environment, vol. 74, pp. 22-30, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.01.001
dc.relation/*ref*/R. Murillo, E. Aylón, M.V. Navarro, M.S. Callén, A. Aranda, A.M. Mastral, “ The application of thermal processes to valorise waste tyre,” Fuel Processing Technology, vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 143-147, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.07.005
dc.relation/*ref*/V. Gupta, M. Ganjali, A. Nayak, B. Bhushan y S. Agarwal, “Enhanced Heavy Metals Removal and Recovery by Mesoporous Adsorbent Prepared from Waste Rubber Tire,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 197, pp. 330-342, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.04.104
dc.relation/*ref*/L. Alamo-Nole, O. Perales-Perez y F. Roman-Velasquez, “Sorption Study of Toluene and Xylene in Aqueous Solutions by Recycled Tires Crumb Rubber,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 185, no. 1, pp. 107-111, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.09.003
dc.relation/*ref*/G. San Miguel, G. Fowler y C. Sollars, “Adsorption of Organic Compounds from Solution by Activated Carbons Produced from Waste Tyre Rubber,” Separation Science and Technology, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 663-676, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1081/ss-120001453
dc.relation/*ref*/N. Hamadi, S. Swaminathan y X. Chen, “Adsorption of Paraquat Dichloride from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon Derived from Used Tires,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 112, no. 1-2, pp. 133-141, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.04.011
dc.relation/*ref*/W. Tanthapanichakoon, P. Ariyadejwanich, P. Japthong, K. Nakagawa et al., “Adsorption-desorption Characteristics of Phenol and Reactive Dyes from Aqueous Solution on Mesoporous Activated Carbon Prepared from Waste Tires,” Water Research, vol. 39, no. 7, pp. 1347-1353, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2004.12.044
dc.relation/*ref*/F. Calisir, F. Roman, L. Alamo, O. Perales et al., “Removal of Cu (II) from Aqueous Solutions by Recycled Tire Rubber,” Desalination, vol. 249, no. 2, pp. 515-518, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.07.029
dc.relation/*ref*/N. Hamadi, X. Chen, M. Farid y M. Lu, “Adsorption Kinetics for the Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solution by Adsorbents Derived from Used Tyres and Sawdust,” Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 84, no. 2, pp. 95-105, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1385-8947(01)00194-2
dc.relation/*ref*/E. Manchón-Vizuete, A. Macías-García, A. Nadal, C. Fernández-González y V. Gómez-Serrano, “Adsorption of Mercury by Carbonaceous Adsorbents Prepared from Rubber of Tyre Wastes,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, vol. 119, no. 1-3, pp. 231-238, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2004.12.028
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Alexandre-Franco, C. Fernández-González, M. Alfaro-Domínguez y V. Gómez-Serrano, “Adsorption of Cadmium on Carbonaceous Adsorbents Developed from Used Tire Rubber,” Journal of Environment Management, vol. 92, no. 9, pp. 2193-220, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.04.001
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Alexandre-Franco, C. Fernández-González, A. Macías-García y V. Gómez-Serrano, “Uptake of Lead by Carbonaceous Adsorbents Developed from Tire Rubber,” Adsorption, vol. 14, no. 4-5, pp. 591-600, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10450-008-9115-z
dc.relation/*ref*/Z. Tang, M. Butkus e Y. Xie, ”Enhanced Performance of Crumb Rubber Filtration for Ballast Water Treatment,” Chemosphere, vol. 74, no. 10, pp. 1396-1399, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.11.048
dc.relation/*ref*/H. Wang, M. Davidson, Y. Zuo y Z. Ren, “Recycled Tire Crumb Rubber Anodes for Sustainable Power Production in Microbial Fuel Cells,” Journal of Power Sources, vol. 196, no. 14, pp. 5863-5866, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.01.082
dc.relation/*ref*/H. Schmid, “Waste recycling methodology specifying widely ranging material types and processing equipment,” Alemania. Patent No. DE4444532-A1, Febrero 11, 1999.
dc.relation/*ref*/P. Kvesic, “Treated rubber and products made therefrum,” Estados Unidos. Patent No. US2003215637-A1, 2003.
dc.relation/*ref*/D. Gu, “Polyurethane and rubber foamed compound material and preparation method thereof,” China. Patent No. CN102391639-A. China, Mar. 2012.
dc.relation/*ref*/A. Cachaço, M. Afonso y M. Pinto, “New Applications for Foam Composites of Polyurethane and Recycled Rubber,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 129, no.5, pp. 2873-2881, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.38962
dc.relation/*ref*/B. Wu y M. Zhou, “Recycling of Waste Tyre Rubber into Oil Absorbent,” Waste Management, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 355-359, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.03.002
dc.relation/*ref*/American Standard Test Methods [ASTM], “ASTM F726 - Standrad Method of Testing Sorbent Performance of Adsorbents E1,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1520/F0726-12
dc.relation/*ref*/S. Zhang, Z. Xin, Z. Zhang y J. Kim, “Characterization of the Properties of Thermoplastic Elastomers Containing Waste Rubber Tire Powder,” Waste Management, vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 1480-1485, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2008.10.004
dc.relation/*ref*/Z. Al-Malki, E. Al-Nasir, M. Khalaf y R. Zidan, “Study the Effect of Recycled Tire Rubber on the Mechanical and Rheological Properties of TPV (HDPE/Recycled Tire Rubber),” Open Journal of Polymer Chemistry, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 99-103, 2013. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpchem.2013.34017
dc.relation/*ref*/J. Karger-Kocsis, L. Mészárosy T. Bárány, “Ground tyre rubber in thermoplastics, thermosets and rubbers,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 48, no. 1, pp.
dc.relation/*ref*/1-38, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6564-2
dc.relation/*ref*/K. El-Nerm y A. Khalil, “Gamma Irradiation of Treated Waste Rubber Powder and its Composites with Waste Polyethylene,” Journal of Vinyl & Additive Technology, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 58-63, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1002/vnl.20245
dc.relation/*ref*/L. Mészáros, T. Bárány, T. Czvikovszky, “EB-promoted recycling of waste tire rubber with polyolefins,” Radiation Physics and Chemistry, vol. 81, no. 9, pp. 1357-1360, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2011.11.058
dc.relation/*ref*/P. Lima, S. Magalhães, J. Oliveiray V. Costa, “Eheological Properties of Ground Tyre Rubber Based Thermoplastic Elastomeric Blends,” Polymer Testing, vol. 45, pp. 58-67, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2015.05.006
dc.relation/*ref*/V. Panaroni y T. McClellan, “Non-cellular polyurethane composite,” Estados Unidos. Patente no. US5254405 A, 19 Oct. 1993.
dc.relation/*ref*/Y. Duan y S. Stammler, “Aqueous polyurethane dispersion adhesive compositions with improved heat resistance,” Canadá. Patent No. CA2197186 A1, 14 Mar. 1996
dc.relation/*ref*/M. Nehdi y A. Khan, “Cementitious Composites Containing Recycled Tire Rubber: An Overview of Engineering Properties and Potential Applications,” Cement, Concrete and Aggregates, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 3-10, 2001. https://doi.org/10.1520/CCA10519J
dc.rightsDerechos de autor 2017 Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina
dc.sourceCiencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina; Vol. 27 No. 2 (2017); 27-50
dc.sourceCiencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina; Vol. 27 Núm. 2 (2017); 27-50
dc.sourceCiencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina; v. 27 n. 2 (2017); 27-50
dc.source1909-7735
dc.source0124-8170
dc.subjectrecycled rubber
dc.subjectrubber waste
dc.subjecttires out of use
dc.subjectenvironmental impact
dc.subjectsustainability
dc.subjectcaucho reciclado
dc.subjectresiduos de caucho
dc.subjectllantas fuera de uso
dc.subjectimpacto ambiental
dc.subjectsostenibilidad
dc.titleApplications of recycled rubber: A literature review
dc.titleAplicaciones de caucho reciclado: Una revisión de la literatura
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion


Este ítem pertenece a la siguiente institución