Caracterización de las condiciones ergonómicas visuales del personal administrativo de la multinacional Arvato en el año 2018-2019

Abstract

Objective: To determine the ergonomic visual conditions that are related to the visual health of the administrative staff of the Arvato multinational in 2018-2019. Methodology: Descriptive observational study of cross-sectional type. Sixty participants were included, the characteristics of the job and the conditions associated with the visual demand for work activity were evaluated by a non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. Data were collected through a clinical history that contains visual acuity, ophthalmoscopy, refraction, accommodative tests and tear tests in order to determine the visual conditions of the study population. Results: The study evidenced the presence of visual disturbances attributed to the excessive use of videoterminals (VDT). In the clinical and academic field, the research served as the basis for students and teachers of the Faculty of Optometry of the University of Santo Tomás. 86.66% of the participants reported the presence of symptoms related to the Computer Visual Syndrome (SVC); Of these, 55% had eye burning and 48.33% visual fatigue. With reference to the accommodative state, 78.34% presented alterations in the right eye (OD) and 85% in the left eye (OI). Additionally, it should be noted that 96.99% use the computer more than 3 hours a day, which is one of the most recognized factors as SVC generators. Conclusions: It was found that, for the fulfillment of their labor functions, the administrative staff of the multinational Arvato requires large accommodative and vergence expenses associated with the appearance of the SVC. Thus, the hypothesis raised in the study was verified. In addition, the hourly intensity, inadequate location of the computer (PC) and the inappropriate lighting of the workplace are factors associated with the presence of visual symptoms, which lead to develop alterations in the accommodative and vergential system. Both women and men reported more frequently symptoms of eye burning and visual fatigue, and it was concluded that workers who exceed the inappropriate use of PC presented greater visual demand, different visual disturbances, physical and psychological sequelae as a result of overexposure to VDT.