Evaluación de la presencia de residuos biológicos posterior a los procesos de limpieza y desinfección

Abstract

Introduction: Files for endodontic use, considered critical instruments, due to their contact with biological tissue, require a cleaning and disinfection process that minimizes the risk of cross contamination. Objective: Analyze the effectiveness of cleaning and disinfection protocols applied to manual files K-Flexofile (Maillefer). Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was carried out with 80 K-Flexofile hand files; distributed, in equal numbers, in three groups and a control group without assigned protocol. The files were used in endodontic procedures, later the cleaning and disinfection protocols were applied to each group of files, as appropriate. In each group, manual brushing was applied under a jet of water for three minutes, immersion for group one 3% hydrogen peroxide, group two 2% glutaraldehyde and group three ultrasonic washing with enzymatic soap for 15 minutes. performed washing, drying and subsequent sterilization. In order to analyze the samples, under biosafety protocols, the files were stained with the Van Gieson reagent and subsequent observation under the stereoscope. The output variable was related to each of the explanatory variables, using the Chi2 test or Fisher's exact test for the qualitative ones, considering an alpha significance level of ≤ 0.05. Results: Statistically significant differences were evidenced both in the presence of residues and in the density of the organic film, compared with the control group (P value = <0.001), likewise, it was observed that protocol three presented better behavior when faced with cleaning and disinfection. Conclusion: The protocols did not show 100% effectiveness since the instruments submitted to the different cleaning and disinfection procedures presented organic residues in different degrees of density throughout the active part of the files.