Efectividad de barniz de flúor vs sellantes: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: the terms of promotion and prevention in oral health appear with little force in the mid-twentieth century. In the sixties, to protect the teeth from decay, solutions of sodium fluoride and sealants from pits and fissures appear. The two materials are based on the premise that prevention in oral health should be aimed at combating risk factors including providing the host with greater resistance. These strategies have evolved in terms of composition, presentation and application forms. They are used simultaneously at an early age. Objective: to carry out a systematic review of the literature in the Scopus, Pubmed, Cochrane and Embase databases on the effectiveness of the application of sealants vs. fluoridated varnish in children from 2 to 12 years. Methods: a systematic review was carried out with clinical trials, and studies that met the inclusion criteria were selected (full text from 2007 onwards of both sexes with ages between 2 and 12 in English, Spanish and Portuguese). The analyzed variables were name of the first author, database, year of publication, language, country of publication, effectiveness, age and sex of the participants, manufacturer's house and commercial name of the product, and qualification according to the Consort Declaration, among others. Frequencies and proportions were calculated for the qualitative variables and measures of central tendency and dispersion for the quantitative ones. Results: 81 articles were evaluated, of which eight were selected that met the inclusion criteria (Figure 2). It was found that the largest number of people evaluated was made by Neidel M and collaborators with 1,015 participants. The study with the shortest follow-up time was that of Kalnina J, Honkala S and collaborators with a total of twelve months each. One of the articles that presented a high number of authors was that of chestnutt I.G and collaborators with 25 authors being the first of England (Table 2). In the same way this author was repeated in two of the eight articles. Although the search was carried out as of 2007, only articles were found from 2012 to 2017. During the years 2012, 2013, 2016 and 2017 two articles per year related to the subject of work were published (Table 2). The journals with the highest number of publications on the effectiveness of fluoride varnish vs. The application of sealants were Caries Research and Journal of Dental Research with 2 (25%) articles, each (Table 3). The house manufacturer of the sealant mostly used was 3M in 4 (50.0%) studies (Table 4) and fluoride varnish was Colgate in 4 (50%) works (Table 4). When reviewing the effectiveness of the intervention, the evaluated works concluded that the sealant was more effective in 3 (37.5%). However, 4 (50%) studies reported similar findings between the application of fluoride varnish and sealant. All authors recommend further research in this regard (Table 5). Conclusions: In three articles it was determined that the application of sealants was more effective. The fluorinated varnish. However, the results were similar in four articles. In total, eight clinical trials were found that evaluated the application of sealants vs. The application of fluoride varnish in children from 2 to 12 years. The application of sealants was recommended even when the results obtained in the clinical studies were similar or with no significant differences.