Determinantes sociales y su relación con la caries dental en una población escolar de 5 a 12 años, Bucaramanga Colombia

Abstract

Introduction: Dental caries is the pathology that over time is affecting the entire population because it is a multifactorial process that deteriorates the teeth due to the biochemical imbalances that accompany it, or an important part of life is to enjoy good health. However, the high prevalence of dental caries in schooled children requires research to show that there is a close relationship between tooth decay and those factors that can affect the oral health of school-age children in the city of Bucaramanga. In this study we will address these factors from the perspective of the social determinants of health, with the aim of identifying the risk factors involved in the health to identify disease process. Objective: To establish the association between social determinants and dental caries in children between 5 and 12 years old based on information collected in databases obtained from educational institutions in the metropolitan area of Bucaramanga between 2018 and 2019. Materials and methods: A study of secondary sources, of a descriptive analytical cross-sectional type, was carried out with information obtained from the bases of three investigations, on social determinants of dental caries in the school population. Made by authors from the Santo Tomás University, with a total of 407 data, the data were recorded manually in Microsoft Excel, in duplicate, adding abbreviations and the code of the variables and thus a definitive basis to export it to STATA version 12.0. Results: The social determinants of health behave as risk factors for dental caries in the school population, which allows us to infer that when their conditions change, they become protective factors that limit or prevent the appearance of dental caries. Conclusions: According to the analysis of results, it was evident that the processes corresponding to the prevalence of caries show an alarming situation in the study population, where there is little timely attention to which is added the non-strengthening of programs focused on the prevention of this pathology, all of the above generates a negative impact on the oral health of minors.