Exclusión financiera en el sector comercial de la ciudad de Ibagué y cómo incide este fenómeno en la informalidad

Abstract

This research aims to perform an analysis on financial exclusion of Ibague’s commercial sector and to describe how this phenomenon affects informality. For this, first, it was made a characterization of that population; then, it was analyzed different theories, concepts and contemporary regulations; particularly: financial rationality, information asymmetry, adverse selection, moral hazard, microcredits and placement accounts, financial education, interest rates, informality, and the different regulations. To arrive in the progressive interaction between the financial and / or banking system, and informality of Ibague; where this type of economic phenomena prevails resulting in greater poverty, inequality and social exclusion.

In the same way, in the axis of the characterization of the target population, a questionnaire of 39 questions was formulated and applied to the merchants of the city, with the simple random sampling method, and as a result, I show a sample of 369 surveys for labor countryside. Likewise, the application of a Logit model is proposed briefly, with its empirical verification, in a general execution framework for the case study.

The results showed that the correlation of these variables with financial inclusion does not necessarily imply causality. In this way, the coefficients obtained through the model in the “estimated” column can be determined in the variables that positively affect (those with a positive sign) the response variable, that is, they tend to be included financially. Based on the results obtained and the literature described in the research, strategies are proposed to improve financial inclusion and therefore, try to reduce informality in the sector analyzed.