La Violencia colectiva en el Bajo Cauca Antioqueño, tras el acuerdo paz: 2016-2019

Abstract

It starts from the conceptual abstraction of the term collective violence, which is understood as the action of “inflicting immediate physical damage to people or objects (the term damage includes the retention by force of people or objects bypassing any restriction or resistance); -It involves at least two perpetrators of the damage, and is the consequence, at least in part, of the coordination between the people who carry out acts that cause damage (Tilly 2007, 4); On the other hand, it is allowed to understand the territory known as Bajo Antioqueño, as one of the nine subregions that make up the department of Antioquia, which in turn is made up of the municipalities of Caceres, Caucasia, El Bagre, Nechí, Tarazá, Zaragoza, which have been the regions most affected by violence by organized armed actors, since the 1980s to date, through the peace agreements signed in 2016. The selection of temporality affects the signature of the agreement and the first years of its implementation, which makes it possible to denote if with this agreement the expressions of collective violence in the region disappeared, or if it is the case that they are transformed into new structures, such as the central thesis of this research. To carry out this investigation, an exploration of databases of the Colombian armed conflict was carried out, a review of information by public and private institutions, which present reports regarding the Colombian armed conflict, participation of armed actors, violent events , affected territories and other information regarding violence in Colombia; as mentioned, there are data from Forensis, from the National Police database, Uppsala Data Conflict, Cinep, among others. In addition, the organization of information presented by the regional newspaper “Mi Diario 360” is carried out, which presents the multiple events that take place in the northwest of the country; information leaked from the central categories of the investigation. The aforementioned with last purpose regarding the systematization of information and construction of a single quantitative database with GIS mapping analysis (ArcGIS 10.8), SPSS and Excel. The research focuses on the quantitative analysis along with elements of understanding of collective violence proposed by Charles Tilly, framing the actions that take place in the Bajo Cauca Antioqueño region, specifying territories, actions, number of actions and theoretical character of understanding. The document is divided into five chapters, which have a character of analysis and understanding regarding the investigative approach, it starts from a contextual element which gives rise to the conceptual and theoretical element that is framed in broad sociological understanding, and then to frame the central element of analysis, from this understanding the methodological element is stipulated, regarding the use of analysis tools and quantitative application; The fourth element approaches the historical character of the region of analysis with the elements that make up the violence in the territory, consequently staging in quantitative terms through graphics and mapping the actors participating in collective violence, concluding broadly with the regional perspective and possible elements that bring about the Colombian armed conflict.