Análisis de la utilización de las lateritas como materiales en estructuras de pavimento para su aprovechamiento en Colombia

Abstract

The lateritic soils are characteristic soils of the tropical regions, where the variations of temperature and precipitation are abrupt, are characterized by the absence of bases and silica, besides having a high content of oxides and hydroxides of iron and aluminum, as a result of the High degree of weathering to which they are exposed. In countries where the presence of granular materials with optimum characteristics for the construction of base structures and sub-bases of pavements is scarce, it has been necessary to use tropical soil materials and adjust their application to comply with the parameters of resistance and durability established For the Designs, service of the roads and regulations established in each region. A compilation was made on the use of lateritic soils from some of the countries located in the tropics, such as Brazil, India and Africa, to know the characteristics of these and the different uses and techniques used for their use in road construction. Mainly, it can be seen that Brazil is one of the countries that most uses this type of soil because most of its territory is covered by it, so they found that it was necessary to adopt trials and methodologies for their classification, thus resulting in MCT methodology for lateritic fine clay and G-MCT for tropical soils with granulometry thick and mineral characterization by chemical analysis; in the case of regions like Africa, Australia and India, various investigations and conclusions of these on the use the paving tropical lateritic soils which where they are shown some conventional assays that were performed to determine parameters and mechanical characteristics. In the Colombian territory, lateritic soils are found in the region of the Orinoquia and Amazonia, these have been briefly studied for their implementation as materials in road infrastructure works; the mentioned regions are characterized by having poor road structures due to the lack of knowledge in techniques that allow to take advantage of the tropical soils in the construction of the pavement structures, at present some studies have been made to samples taken from the department of Vichada to which they have been realized essays out cutting, suction, rigidity, microstructure and some basic characterizations that have allowed to have some knowledge about the mechanical behavior of lateritic soils in the territory.