Evaluación del aporte de mineralización de la microcuenca “Quebrada la Argentina” Villavicencio - Meta

Abstract

The present work describes the application of the Mineralization Contamination Index (ICOMI), which contemplates the physicochemical parameters such as: Conductivity, Alkalinity and Hardness; which were applied in the La Argentina stream located in the old La Argentina village via the Municipality of Restrepo in the City of Villavicencio Meta. The foregoing, in order to evaluate the contribution of mineralization, said great part, has become of great importance to determine the quality of the water and the affectation that it may have on the aquatic life present. The development of this project was developed under a quantitative analysis, which involves a process of data collection and analysis. Thus, the methodology consisted of 3 phases which, initially, a survey of the study area was made for the collection of primary information through technical visits, since there was no more information by municipal entities or records on diversity of studies in said stream; and the identification of the tributaries with the highest conductivity of the Quebrada microbasin in Argentina With reference to the above, a conductivity scan was performed to identify the most representative tributaries (highest conductivity), obtaining as a result the following values for each section: upper part (568 μS / cm, 750 μS / cm) middle part (720 μS / cm, 1033 μS / cm) and lower part (654 μS / cm, 909 μS / cm), for a total of six (6) tributaries. Once identified, we continued with phase II, which consisted of the measurement of the In - situ parameters (pH, Temperature, Conductivity and Dissolved Oxygen) and also the collection of water samples to measure the Ex - situ parameters ( Hardness and Alkalinity) in the Laboratory of the University of Santo Tomas Sede Aguas Claras, to have as a result the respective ICOMI values which were higher than the stipulated range (0-1) taking into account the parameters measured. This means that a high contamination by mineralization was reflected, due to the high content of magnesium and calcium salts that are responsible for the increase in hardness. In the same way, the identification of aquatic life in this micro-basin was carried out. For this, the biological index BMWP / Col Roldan (Biological Monitoring Working Party score) was used as a first approach to evaluate easily and quickly aquatic ecosystems using macro invertebrates as bioindicators, thus determining the corresponding family level. It should be added that two temporalities of study (high and low rainfall) were taken into account, where the significant increase in values in each physicochemical parameter could be observed as a result of the high levels of runoff, material drag and absence in terms of macro invertebrates, since these are susceptible to high currents in a water body. Finally, with the results obtained it is possible to determine that the high levels of the contamination index by mineralization (ICOMI), is classified as a contaminated water, highlighted that is not anthropic but of natural origin. Taking into account the above, this micro-basin can be given an industrial use, since hard water is used in the textile industry for fixing the color of garments, in the construction industry, and could also be used to be used in tilapia hatcheries, increasing their growth to 20% faster, than in soft water.