Evaluación de la incidencia de los ríos Ocoa y Guatiquía sobre la calidad de agua subterránea de la vereda el guamo, ubicada en el municipio de Villavicencio, Meta.

Abstract

The supply of drinking water worldwide in quantity and quality is increasingly inadequate, surface water sources are more scarce due to pollution, and therefore many populations have taken as an alternative the supply of water through underground sources, without Take into account their quality conditions. Taking into account this problem, the present work aims to evaluate the incidence of the Ocoa and Guatiquía rivers on the quality of the underground water of the reservoirs of the El Guamo village, located in the municipality of Villavicencio Meta, through the analysis of parameters physicochemicals such as pH, temperature, conductivity, alkalinity, hardness, BOD and COD. For this purpose, 10 reservoirs currently used by the community were selected and two sampling points (upstream and downstream) were established for each stretch of river; each water source had 10 samples in the low rainfall season (March, April, August, September) and 10 in the high rainfall season (May, June, July), the porosity of the soil, the levels were also taken into account of the water sheets and the differences in heights between rivers and reservoirs.

Likewise, by means of an ANOVA analysis of variance and according to the proximity of the reservoirs with the rivers, the physicochemical parameters of water quality were correlated, where those with the highest incidence were alkalinity and hardness. In the case of alkalinity, the Ocoa river in the season of high rainfall occurred in 70% of the reservoirs and in the season of low rainfall in 50% and the Guatiquía river affected the seasons in 60% of the reservoirs. In the case of hardness, again, the Ocoa River had an incidence in high rainfall in 70% of the reservoirs and in low rainfall in 80%; the Guatiquía river in high rainfalls affected 40% of the reservoirs and low rainfall in 60%, the cistern being the school on which it had the highest incidence.

Finally, none of the reservoirs is in optimal quality conditions that specifically provides a direct supply and consumption of water to the inhabitants of said community, because of its high BOD and COD values it is considered a contaminated water.