Aplicación de biomasa residual lignocelulósica modificada con nanopartículas magnéticas en un reactor mezclado tipo batch, para el tratamiento de aguas contaminadas con Hg (II) y Pb (II)

Abstract

The main objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the bioadsorption potential through the application of residual lignocellulosic biomass modified with magnetic nanoparticles in a batch type reactor. This application was subjected to a chemical evaluation in the removal of mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb), and a biological evaluation focused on the removal of microorganisms that are indicators of water quality. The use of agri-food residues obtained from the external cover (peel) of Citrus sinensis (orange) and Plukenetia volubilis (sacha inchi) was proposed. It was obtained that the magnetic bioadsorbent obtained from Citrus sinensis (BioMag Cs) achieved percentages higher than 95.0% in the removal of Hg (II) and Pb (II). On the other hand, the magnetic bioadsorbent obtained from Plukenetia volubilis (BioMag Pv) reached a removal percentage of 85.0% and 92.3% for Hg (II) and Pb (II), respectively. In the microbiological evaluation, the results showed that a total coliform removal of up to 88.0% was obtained with the BioMag Pv and 99.0% with the BioMag Cs, elimination of 100% of Escherichia Coli with the BioMag Cs and a total removal of Salmonella sp with the two magnetic bioadsorbents under study. The study of the batch type reactor prototype has made it possible to determine the efficiency of the proposed treatment. From the results of removal of heavy metals and pathogenic microorganisms, it can be concluded that the treatment system can be considered a real alternative for the removal of persistent pollutants and obtaining an effluent with sufficient quality for reuse in agricultural and industrial activities according to established by current regulations.