Análisis de Fragmentación y Conectividad Estructural del Paisaje en la Cuenca Hidrográfica del Río Calenturitas, Departamento del Cesar-Colombia
Fecha
2020-12-09Registro en:
Cabezas-Mesias, M, Y, (2020). Análisis de fragmentación y conectividad estructural del paisaje en la cuenca hidrográfica del río calenturitas, departamento del Cesar-Colombia. [Tesis especialización, Especialización en Ordenamiento y Gestión Integral de Cuencas Hidrográficas] Universidad Santo Tomás, Colombia.
reponame:Repositorio Institucional Universidad Santo Tomás
instname:Universidad Santo Tomás
Autor
Cabezas Mesias, Mercys Yurani
Institución
Resumen
The Calenturitas river watershed is located in the department of Cesar, Colombia, towards the west side of the Serranía del Perijá (geographical limit with Venezuela). Its waters converge in the ditch of the Cesar river, conferring unique biophysical characteristics such as the Tropical dry forest (bs-T) and the sub-andean and andean plant formations. However, these ecosystems have historically suffered degradations caused by deforestation, fragmentation of the landscape and habitat isolation. This is mainly associated with agricultural activities as mining (coal), cultivation of African palm and the increase of the urban fabric. This work pursues characterize and analyze the structural fragmentation of the landscape using non-spatial and spatial metrics, identifying the shortest structural connectivity routes (low restriction) for the movement of organisms between patches of forested and semi-natural areas. For this, the fundamental element was the land cover units provided by the Cesar Regional Autonomous Corporation (CORPOCESAR) in ESRI's GDB format (1: 25,000). The configuration of the landscape was made using the FRAGSTATS version 4.2 software (build 4.2.1.603), rasterizing the vector data at a pixel size of 5 m x 5 m, using the Analysis Tools tool (Proximity-Bacth) in Arcgis (10.5). In the modeling of the connectivity routes, the ArcGIS-Linkage mapper extension was implemented, making a resistance map for all the coverages, assigned a weight of low (zero) and high cost of connectivity (100). The results show that the landscape corresponds to the “fragmented” type of alteration, according to the classification established by McIntyre and Hobbs (1999). Likewise, it is characterized by having elongated and irregular fragments, increasing the length of the edges making the patches less compact. Of the 257 connectivity routes, 108 correspond to the fragmented forest class, followed by secondary or transitional vegetation (66), wooded grass (44), dense forest (23) and gallery and/or riparian forest (16). Moving an organism between patches generates on average an accumulated total cost of 8.54 km (CW_Dist: 0.03 km - 65.30 km) along the least cost route.