Revisión de estado del arte: “la industria de la fabricación de ladrillos como complemento para la gestión del tratamiento a las aguas residuales".

Abstract

The management and final disposal of sludge or biosolids has become a complex process in different parts of the world because of the environmental implications derived from its chemical and microbiological composition due to the number of heavy metals it contains, its origin is attributed to the treatment of wastewater from different domestic and industrial processes. Therefore, the need to treat wastewater increases to contribute to the recovery of water bodies according to the policies of wastewater management and decontamination of these bodies, however, when generating the increase in the construction and operation of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), a large amount of waste known as sludge is produced, and when subjected to secondary treatment it is converted into biosolids and its disposal is given by Decree 1287 of the Ministry of Housing, City and Territory of Colombia to classify it (Type A or Type B). This research aims to evaluate the utilization of the sludge or biosolid generated worldwide, which affects ecosystems, soil and water bodies, to partially replace the clay used in the production of ceramic bricks in different percentages as an additive to the mixture. The most optimal percentages vary between 5 to 25% at a temperature between 950 °C and 1050 °C, providing brick resistance between 8.6 Mpa and 40.66 Mpa, depending on the characteristics of the sludge or biosolid after being treated in the wastewater treatment plant(WWTP). Based on the research, it is important to conclude that the sludge or biosolids, when used in the brick manufacturing mixture, acquires higher resistance than those stipulated in Colombian technical standard NTC 4205 due to the retention of metals in its structure, which means a better behavior in terms of its mechanical properties.