Sistema pensional colombiano: análisis de políticas pensionales entre 1994 y 2020 desde una perspectiva económica

Abstract

The paper presents an analysis of public policies focused on the general pension system in Colombia, focusing on fundamental aspects such as coverage and financial sustainability from a macroeconomic perspective, since according to Villar et al. (2013) and Parra et al. (2020) has been leaving aside the pension system during the studies. The economic perspective of work will be related to the implementation of policies and reviewing the results of public spending, GDP, inflation, gross national saving and foreign investment that the country had between 1994 and 2020. Through these results, they can know their behavior once the changes in pension policies are initiated and to try to meet the objectives. This approach was carried out in the general pension system because it is one of the main topics of discussion in the academic, political and social fields; due to the great problems that it has at the level of financial sustainability and coverage of the population. Generating fear to the rulers and the population who view the retirement stage with fear due to the problems faced by the system and the world in terms of demographic indicators and regionally indicators of informality and the labor market. By means of this, final considerations are proposed at the end that allow the development of new research to achieve a sustainable pension system with a high level of coverage for the population.