Prevalencia de obesidad en pacientes con Síndrome de apnea/hipopnea obstructiva del sueño del Instituto Neumológico del Oriente

Abstract

Introduction: The obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a condition particularly prevalent in obese middle-aged men; it is characterized by repeated episodes of partial or complete upper airway obstruction (VAS) during sleep and the presence of secondary symptoms such as snoring, breathing pauses perceived by a nearby person, as well as excessive daytime sleepiness, cognitive disorders, among others. The body mass index (BMI) and OSAHS have a directly proportional relationship; that is, the higher the BMI, the higher the prevalence of OSAHS. Objective: To determine the prevalence of obesity in patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) at the Instituto Neumológico Del Oriente in 2019. Material and methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was carried out, approved by the ethics committee of the Instituto Neumológico Del Oriente, act number EIC2021SUEÑO01, where a population of patients with OSAHS was studied by extracting information from medical records related to obesity and other sociodemographic and anthropometric exposures of interest. Results: Severe OSAHS was the most prevalent with 62.84%, most patients were overweight (51.34%) and 48.66% were obese in any of its three degrees. The association between BMI and severity of OSAHS is evident where statistically significant differences are found for all variables and where a higher percentage of severe OSAHS is identified in cases of obesity, considering the BMI. Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity in the population with severe OSAHS was higher, and a trend of increasing AHI with increasing BMI is shown.