Análisis Neo-Institucional de la reforma agraria de Carlos Lleras Restrepo y su relación con el conflicto armado en Colombia

Abstract

Starting from the following hypothesis: The Violence of the 70s and the birth of the FARC, as a radicalized movement, emerge as factual powers to respond to the failure of the Agrarian Reform of the National Front and to the Political Coalition - Landowner'; the research problem of this monograph is constructed which is expressed from the following question: What is the relationship between the Agrarian Reform of Carlos Lleras Restrepo constructed from the political context of the National Front translated into Law 135 of 1961, analyzed through Neo Economic Institutionalism with Violence and Armed Conflict in Colombia from the 70s of the 20th century, the birth of the FARC and the conflicts in the Colombian countryside between landowners and peasants?

To approach the answer to the research problem, a historical analysis of the difficulties between the structure of agriculture, land ownership and land concentration is carried out. We examine the episodes of violence in Colombia arising from the gaps between landowners and peasants. A breakdown of the Agrarian Reform of 1961 is made based on the vision of 'The New Institutional Economics' as economic theory. The following categories are taken into account for the project: Persistence of social and economic inequity in Colombian agriculture, reproduction of social elites and social transformation.

It was found that despite efforts to implement the agrarian reform of 1961, social and economic inequity persisted, institutional transformation was incipient and social and political elites continued to dominate the environment; because the shortcomings surrounding the macro and micro-level mechanisms did not allow the idea of equity to be brought to all regions of the country and different armed groups such as the FARC had to take the lead on these issues that concern the peasants.