Diseño de un sistema de generación de electricidad utilizando máquina asíncrona

Abstract

The use of clean energies is a reality in the XXI century, this as a way to obtain electrical resources with a low environmental impact. Among the alternatives that are conceived as clean options are the photovoltaic and wind generation but also some variations of conventional methods, with some improvements to reduce environmental effects. In this sense, the interest and curiosity to contribute from the engineering solutions that favor the technological development of new forms of energy transformation is awakened.

Conventional electrical systems operate using large power plants that impact territories, emit pollutant gases into the environment and their structure, although stable, includes power losses over long distances. As an alternative, the transformation of energy with asynchronous generators is proposed to feed local micro-grids in remote rural areas, which can be driven by low-flow water edges, using infrastructure with low environmental impact.

The objective of this work was to design a proposal for the generation of electrical energy using asynchronous machines driven with small flow rates through a hydrokinetic turbine, for rural areas in the municipality of Guaduas, Cundinamarca. In order to achieve this purpose, the operation of the asynchronous machine was characterized at different speeds, then the electrical and electronic elements were selected for the storage of energy and its subsequent distribution and use. Finally, there is a proposal for the design of an electric micro-grid that operates with variable flows and that serves as a clean alternative to electricity supply to rural communities.