Condiciones de la visión del color en pacientes con diabetes tipo ii en la ciudad de Bucaramanga y el área metropolitana en el año 2017: Serie de casos

Abstract

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. It can manifest itself at an early or late age, classifying itself in type I and type II. At the ocular level, it manifests as diabetic retinopathy and affects visual health. In this study, a follow-up of some diabetic patients of the degree work of the students Saidy Díaz and Katherine Díaz, carried out at the Universidad Santo Tomas in 2013. Objectives: To describe the conditions of color vision in patients with type II diabetes mellitus aged between 3 and 7 years, in Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area in 2017. Methodology: We performed a descriptive observational study of a series of cases, a methodology that allowed us to evaluate the structural changes in the retina and the characteristics of color vision in diabetic patients. Results: Of the patients evaluated, 2 had non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and in terms of color vision, they were evaluated with the Farnswoth test and only 1 of 5 presented chromatic alteration, a partial tritanomaly. Conclusions: it was concluded according to the results obtained and the review of the literature that maintaining controlled glycemia levels with pharmacological treatment contributes to diminish the possible retinal damage, avoiding the appearance of diabetic retinopathy, which affects the integrity of the photoreceptors consequently the vision to the color, more exactly with the appearance of partial or total tritanolamias.