Nanoparticulas de óxido de grafeno como agente biocida incrustados en membranas de microfiltración electrohiladas para tratamiento de aguas: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

In recent years, the use of new materials such as graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles (NPs) has been of great relevance in the manufacture of composite polymeric fibers obtained by the electrospinning technique on a micro and nanometric scale for applications in removal of microorganisms present in the water. In this study, a systematic review methodology was carried out with the use of Parsifal Software, through 4 phases: planning, search for documents in databases, data extraction and analysis of extracted data. The research led to a total of 906 articles where 169 were duplicates, leaving 737 articles to which a classification filter by exclusion and inclusion was performed: total articles selected, accepted, rejected and duplicated. According to the data extraction form, 222 articles were used responding to the research questions posed in this systematic review. The development of this research led to the identification of the properties of GO NPs as biocidal agents of two case studies of bare or pure polymeric membranes (polymeric matrix), which were modified as follows: case 1, membranes of microfiltration (MF) of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) modified with silver NPs / graphene oxide (Ag / GO) vs Poly (lactic acid) / polyacrylonitrile (PLA / PAN) membranes modified with cellulose nanocrystals (NCC) and chitin nanocrystals (NCQ). For the study of case 2, Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) MF membranes modified with GO NPs vs polycaprolactam membranes also called (polyamide 6) (PA-6) modified with titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2) As a result of these two study cases, for case 1, the Ag / GO NPs vs NCC and NCQ had excellent antibacterial and antifouling activity with an effectiveness in the elimination of microorganisms with the Ag / GO NPs and a rate of reduction of 100% for E. coli and 87.6% for S. aureus, compared to NCQ and NCC, the effectiveness in bacterial elimination with the two nanocrystals was 85% for E. coli by exclusion of size and 95% with the use of NCQ. For the case study 2, the MF membranes of (PVDF) modified with GO NPs vs PA-6 membranes modified with NPs of (TiO2), the response was a reduction rate of bacteria with the use of the NPs of GO 100% for E. coli and 99% for S. aureus and with the TiO2 NPs it was 99.99% for S. aureus after 6 h of UV exposure.