Evaluación del impacto por vertimientos de aguas residuales domésticas, mediante la aplicación del índice de contaminación (ICOMO) en caño grande, localizado en Villavicencio-Meta.

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to evaluate the impact of domestic wastewater dumping on the affluent tributary Grande located in Villavicencio, Meta, applying the index of pollution ICOMO in a section of 4.9 km. To comply with the purpose, pollutant charges were estimated by organic matter, identified in situ dumping (legal or illegal) and analyzed the multitemporal behavior of the pollution index, compared to information secundary. Established three sampling stations along the stretch analyzed and four monitoring in season precipitation high, measuring variables in-situ (pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature and conductivity) and ex-situ (total coliforms and BOD5). There were obtained average values of the index ICOMO for the three stations that indicate a contamination of water media with a value of 4.8. The Pearson correlation allowed to determine that for this study the total coliforms, had the greatest influence on the final result of the index ICOMO. A previous study for the year 2006 in low rainfall season, showed bad contamination for the tributary Grande, indicating difference of 0.52 with respect to the index obtained in the present Study. While studies in the years 2005 and 2009 in months with high levels of precipitation (> 400 mm/month), showed a difference in the pollution index 0.32 and 0.22, respectively, with the current study, these differences can be attributed to the works for updating the system of aqueduct and sewage from the last few years, as well as to monitoring in conditions of dry season.