Revisión de literatura : una visión teórica de la relación entre el emprendimiento y el crecimiento económico

Abstract

This work aims to explain the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic growth through a literature review, exposing the theories of several economists, the role of institutions and the causes and consequences of entrepreneurship. According to author José María O'Kean, with a higher business quality, bigger benefits are obtained, and as a result, rates of entrepreneurship and the level of economic production increase, which in turn generates economic growth. It was found that the causes of entrepreneurship are diverse and lead to different types, which depend on the environmental conditions, technology, institutions, and the internal characteristics of entrepreneurs. Therefore, institutions play an important role in this relationship and must take action efficiently by implementing policies that aim to improve competitiveness, reduce regulations in the economy, and encourage innovation, to promote productive enterprises. Ultimately, entrepreneurship is reflected as economic growth in developed countries that carry out entrepreneurship with high expectations, make use of technology and knowledge in the midst of a favorable environment, thus generating employment, wealth, intensifying competition, productivity and generating economic growth. On the other hand, entrepreneurship out of necessity, carried out by developing countries can solve short-term problems, but has no effect on long-term economic growth.