Globalization and global risk: How risk analysis needs to be enhanced to be effective in confronting current threats
Autor
Aven, Terje
Zio, Enrico
Institución
Resumen
In the last 20-30 years, technological innovation has enabled the advancement
of industry at a global scale, giving rise to a truly global society, resting on an
interdependent web of transnational technical, economic and social systems. These
systems are exposed to scenarios of cascading outbreaks, whose impacts can ripple to
very large scales through their strong interdependencies, as recently shown by the
pandemic spreading of the Coronavirus. Considerable work has been conducted in recent
years to develop frameworks to support the assessment, communication, management
and governance of this type of risk, building on concepts like systemic risks, complexity
theory, deep uncertainties, resilience engineering, adaptive management and black swans.
Yet contemporary risk analysis struggles to provide authoritative societal guidance for
adequately handling these types of risks, as clearly illustrated by the Coronavirus case. In
this paper, we reflect on this situation. We aim to identify critical challenges in current
frameworks of risk assessment and management and point to ways to strengthen these, to
be better able to confront threats like the Coronavirus in the future. A set of principles
and theses are established, which have the potential to support a common foundation for
the many different scientific perspectives and ‘schools’ currently dealing with risk
handling issues.