bachelorThesis
Perfil de prolactina y estradiol en una cohorte de mujeres colombianas con lupus eritematoso sistémico
Fecha
2013-12-16Registro en:
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256511
TE06227
Autor
Granados, Carlos Eduardo
Zubiría, Alberto de
Institución
Resumen
El Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico (LES) es un una enfermedad autoinmune con afectación multisistémica de gran variabilidad en su presentación y curso. Su diagnóstico se basa en características clínicas y de laboratorio en ausencia de otra enfermedad autoinmune que pueda explicar dichos hallazgos. Aunque el LES puede desarrollarse a cualquier edad, las mujeres en edad fértil son las principalmente afectadas. La relación mujer/hombre entre los 15 y 50 años de edad es > 8:1, mientras que llega a ser hasta 2:1 cuando ocurre durante la niñez o después de la menopausia. Esta prevalencia observada tanto en pacientes como en modelos animales, ha llevado a plantear la intervención de hormonas en el desarrollo y actividad de la misma. La relación entre el sistema neuroendocrino y el sistema inmune ha sido ampliamente demostrada. Comparten una red de conexiones mediadas por vías nerviosas, circuitos hormonales, interacciones celulares y humorales, así como una multitud de citoquinas, neuropéotidos y quemoquinas. De una interacción recíproca y modulada entre ambos sistemas depende el mantenimiento de la homeostasis. El desarrollo de una enfermedad multisistémica como el LES es el resultado del rompimiento de la misma. El LES se caracteriza por periodos de exacerbaciones y remisiones de la actividad de la enfermedad. Varios determinantes de este comportamiento han sido estudiados, sin que se haya esclarecido uno en especial; sin embargo, derivado de estudios observacionales de estados fisiológicos relacionados con aumento de actividad (por ejemplo, el embarazo) varios autores han demostrado la asociación con algunas hormonas. Entre las principales que han demostrado tener un efecto inmuno-modulador se encuentran el estrógeno y la prolactina.