Managing fruit abscission in apple.

dc.contributorT.L. Robinson, 1Department of Horticulture, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA;; A.N. Lakso, 1Department of Horticulture, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, NY 14456, USA;; D. Greene, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA;; G. Reginato, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; ANDREA DE ROSSI RUFATO, CNPUV.
dc.creatorROBINSON, T. L.
dc.creatorLAKSO, A. N.
dc.creatorGREENE, D.
dc.creatorREGINATO, G.
dc.creatorRUFATO, A. de R.
dc.date2016
dc.date2017-02-13
dc.date.accessioned2017-03-06T23:26:33Z
dc.date.available2017-03-06T23:26:33Z
dc.identifier17132
dc.identifier10.17660/ActaHortic.2016.1119.1
dc.identifier.urihttp://repositorioslatinoamericanos.uchile.cl/handle/2250/340921
dc.descriptionAbstract Apple trees naturally set many more fruits than desired thus requiring active crop load management to achieve optimum fruit size and to ensure adequate return bloom. Chemical thinning is the primary method used to reduce crop load but despite 50 years of experience, it remains an unacceptably unpredictable part of apple production with large variation from year to year and within years. Our research suggests the variability in chemical thinner efficacy is related both to stage of fruit development and carbohydrate availability to support fruit growth. There is low sensitivity to chemical thinners when fruits are small at petal fall (about 4 mm diameter) followed by high sensitivity of rapidly growing fruits between 8-15 mm and then low sensitivity once fruits reach 20 mm. The basis for the differing sensitivity is not clear. A second source of variability is the availability of carbohydrates to support fruit development. Weather has strong effects on carbohydrate production and utilization. We have estimated carbohydrate supply and demand for fruit growth using the Cornell MaluSim carbohydrate prediction model and have related the carbohydrate balance to chemical thinning efficacy. Simulations over several years showed that there are often periods of particularly negative or positive carbon supply:demand balance, which were associated with severe thinning or mild thinning. We have also related the growth rate of fruits to fruit abscission. We have developed an integrated method to more precisely manage chemical thinning that utilizes estimated carbohydrate supply to the fruits and actual fruit growth rate measurements to provide real time information to fruit growers to manage thinning. Keywords: Malus × domestica, preharvest fruit drop, chemical thinning, precision crop load management
dc.description2016
dc.languageen
dc.publisherActa Horticulturae, n. 1119, p. 1-13, 2016.
dc.relationEmbrapa Uva e Vinho - Artigo em periódico indexado (ALICE)
dc.subjectMalus × domestica
dc.subjectPreharvest fruit drop
dc.subjectChemical thinning
dc.subjectPrecision crop load management
dc.subjectMaçã
dc.subjectMalus domestica
dc.subjectMaca
dc.subjectMacieira
dc.subjectApple
dc.subjectFruit abscission
dc.subjectApple tree
dc.titleManaging fruit abscission in apple.
dc.typeArtículos de revistas


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