Actividad antimicrobiana de hongos endófitos de plantas medicinales Mammea americana (Calophyllaceae) y Moringa Oleífera (Moringaceae).

dc.contributorGuerra Sierra, Beatriz Elena
dc.contributorCriado Guerrero, Libeth-Yajaira
dc.creatorMosquera Rivera, Wilmer G.
dc.date.accessioned2018-11-27T16:44:16Z
dc.date.available2018-11-27T16:44:16Z
dc.date.created2018-11-27T16:44:16Z
dc.date.issued2018-06-26
dc.identifierT 86.18 M687a
dc.identifierhttps://repositorio.udes.edu.co/handle/001/654
dc.description.abstractLas enfermedades infecciosas, son la causa principal de muertes en el mundo. En la actualidad, un factor preocupante, es el aumento de la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos, siendo esto un problema de salud pública. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) priorizó la investigación de nuevos antibióticos para el tratamiento de los patógenos multiresistentes. Por tal motivo es necesaria una búsqueda de nuevos nichos y hábitats de agentes antimicrobianos potencialmente eficaces. Siendo asi se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana de los hongos endófitos de Mammea americana y Moringa Oleífera en Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC® 29213™) y Escherichia coli (ATCC® 25922™).Se llevó a cabo una metodología según un estudio experimental en 60 muestras vegetales. Se aislaron e identificaron hongos endófitos, se les evaluó su actividad antimicrobiana mediante ensayo dual in vitro a través de la presencia de halos de sensibilidad, posteriormente se realizaron recopilaciones continuas de biomasa de los endófitos para obtener extractos de las moléculas bioactivas, a las cuales se les midió la Concentración Mínima Inhibitoria (CMI ), concentración mínima bactericida (CMB) y citotoxicidad. Las pruebas de antagonismo y sensibilidad in vitro, permitieron preseleccionar 14 hongos con actividad antimicrobiana, de la clase Ascomycete y Deuteromycete, aislados en mayor proporción de semillas y hojas. La mayoría de sus extractos presentaron inhibición tanto de las cepas sensibles como de las resistentes para las dos bacterias. Considerando los resultados de las CMI, CMB y citotoxicidad, se demostró que los hongos endófitos poseen características bactericidas sin ocasionar daño alguno. Las pruebas de sensibilidad in vitro permitieron seleccionar y conocer los endófitos con posibles metabolitos secundarios con propiedades antimicrobianas y no tóxicas, por esta razón los hallazgos encontrados son importantes para continuar con investigaciones sobre los mecanismos de acción, resaltando que el aislamiento de endófitos en estas plantas es escaso o desconocido
dc.description.abstractInfectious diseases are the leading cause of deaths worldwide. Currently, a worrying factor is the increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics, being this a public health problem. World Health Organization (OMS). prioritized research into new antibiotics for the treatment of multiresistant pathogens. Therefore a search for new niches and habitats potentially effective antimicrobial agents is needed. It was evaluated the antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi Mammea Americana (Calophyllaceae). and Moringa oleífera in Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus ATCC® 29213 ™). and Escherichia coli (ATCC® 25922 ™). a methodology was carried out according to an experimental study in 60 plant samples. They were isolated and identified endophytes were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity using assay dual in vitro through the presence of halos of sensitivity, then continuous collections biomass endophytes were performed to obtain extracts of bioactive molecules, to which were measured for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and cytotoxicity. The tests of antagonism and sensitivity in vitro, allowed preselecting 14 fungi with antimicrobial activity, of the class Ascomycete and Deuteromycete, isolated in greater proportion of seeds and leaves. Most extracts showed inhibition of both sensitive strains as resistant to both bacteria. Considering the results of the CMI, CMB and cytotoxicity demonstrate that endophytes have bactericidal properties without causing any damage. Sensitivity tests in vitro They allowed to meet endophytes with possible secondary metabolites with antimicrobial and non-toxic properties, for this reason the findings are important to continue research on the mechanisms of action, noting that the isolation of endophytes in these plants is scarce or unknown.
dc.languagespa
dc.publisherBucaramanga : Universidad de Santander, 2018
dc.publisherFacultad Ciencias de la Salud
dc.publisherMaestría en Investigación en enfermedades Infecciosas
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dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rightsAtribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0)
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.rightsDerechos Reservados - Universidad de Santander, 2018
dc.titleActividad antimicrobiana de hongos endófitos de plantas medicinales Mammea americana (Calophyllaceae) y Moringa Oleífera (Moringaceae).
dc.typeTrabajo de grado - Maestría


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