A molecular phylogenetic analysis of<em>Fusarium poae</em>isolates from South America (Argentina) and Europe (mainly England, Germany, Italy) was performed using 98<em>F. poae</em>, four<em>Fusarium culmorum</em>, two<em>Fusarium sporotrichioides</em>and one<em>Fusarium langsethiae</em>isolates. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using nuclear (translation elongation factor 1-alpha,<em>EF-1</em>α) and mitochondrial (mitochondrial small subunit rDNA,<em>mtSSU</em>) sequences. Partitioned (each dataset separately) and combined (<em>EF-1α</em>+<em>mtSSU</em>) analyses did not reveal any clear correlations from the inferred branching topology, between the distribution of observed haplotypes and the geographic origin and/or host species. Results from the present study confirmed that isolates from<em>F. poae</em>form a monophyletic group, and the low variability within isolates from a broad geographic range suggests a common lineage history. Among<em>F. poae</em>isolates from Argentina, however, some were found to possess an insert within<em>mtSSU</em>with structural similarities to group IC2 introns.<em>F. poae</em>isolates differing by the presence/absence of a<em>mtSSU</em>insertion were characterized further by analysis of a portion of the<em>Tri5</em>gene, but this sequence was unable to reveal variability. The presence of this insert only within isolates from Argentina suggests that evolutionary events (insertions/deletions) are probably taking place within the Argentinian<em>F. poae</em>isolates, and that the acquisition of this insert occurred after geographic isolation of the Argentinian and European populations.