Análise da distribuição espacial, funcionalidade e atratividade de áreas verdes públicas na cidade de São Carlos, SP

Abstract

Urban public green areas are public spaces with vegetation, free (total or partial) waterproofing, which perform ecological, landscape, social, cultural and recreational functions, among others, generating an increase in sociability, aesthetic, functional and environmental improvements in cities. In view of the benefits promoted by these areas, and considering the lack of privilege that the free spaces are approached in the planning and the lack of systemic perspective of them, the motivation of this research appeared on whether the public green areas are qualified for use; if there are relations between regions with more qualified areas and income; and how the population uses and perceives the importance of these areas. The general objective was the analysis and the relation between spatial distribution, functionality and attractiveness of people in public green areas in the city of São Carlos, SP. The paper was structured in three parts, with introductory elements in the first, development of two articles in the second and final considerations in the third. The first article analyzes the qualification of green areas for use, and their relation with the spatial distribution, vegetation concentration and income of the population. The second brings analyzes of uses, functions, and attractions, considering qualitative criteria and the environmental perception of the regulars. A bibliographic research, the use of geoprocessing tools, functional investigation forms and perception questionnaires were carried out. The results indicated 779 areas available for the leisure green area system, but 463 were considered only partly qualified for use. There was a greater amount of qualified green areas in higher income areas, and partly qualified and unqualified green areas in peripheral regions. There is attractiveness to the practice of physical activities, leisure, contemplation, well-being, commerce and work, indicating a potential for multiple uses of the public dimension. It is necessary that the management of green areas be integrated with urban planning, holistically and systemically designed to be part of the daily life of the city, and not only represent obligations of minimum amounts to create lots.