Ensino itinerante na educação infantil : investigando as práticas docentes

Abstract

The general objective of the research was to investigate with teachers who work in itinerant teaching as teaching practices are given in relation to children with Down syndrome. The specific objectives proposed were: (i) to identify the relationship between itinerant teacher of Infant Education and student with Down Syndrome in Infant Education as well as educational-pedagogical practices in the promotion of itinerant teaching in this stage of basic education, (ii) Itinerant teaching occurs in Early Childhood Education, and (iii) describe how educational practices occur in the school context. The research was set up in an exploratory and descriptive case study that was carried out in a medium-sized city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, in the Municipal Education Network in the first stage of basic education, Early Childhood Education. Five special education teachers working in itinerant teaching in pre-primary schools participated in the study, as well as five students with Down syndrome enrolled in Early Childhood Education. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted individually. After the interview stage the teachers' teaching practice with children with Down syndrome were observed and recorded in a field diary. The results indicate that roaming is a service of Special Education, occurs in Early Childhood Education to assist inclusive educational processes, the itinerant teacher evaluates the student. Teachers attend two to three schools per week. Only one teacher indicated no negatives in the roaming service. The others point out that the number of schools attended and the lack of links with the school unit are difficulties encountered in establishing itinerant teaching. The service has a characteristic work with the teacher of regular education, however there are obstacles in this process, such as lack of regular teacher education about the deficiencies and lack of previous contact with the teacher of regular education for planning. The itinerant teaching occurs in activities together with the teacher of the regular education when providing pedagogic support, nevertheless exist practices and opportunities by the individualized teaching. Professor of itinerant teaching not only serves children with disabilities, but according to demand, also serves children with behavioral disorders and special educational needs. Another obstacle encountered is the lack of material resources for adaptation activities and available own funds to purchase materials. The roaming service consists of relating / adapting the pedagogical practices with the teacher of regular education, contact with the family, direct action with the student and referral to the community. In the observations, it was possible to observe constant mediation of the itinerant teacher in the pedagogical practices, unrelated to the regular teaching teacher. The absence of the students in the school was an obstacle to the accomplishment of all the stages of the observation. It was verified that recurrent health problems result in absence of the school environment in Early Childhood Education.