Uso e manejo adaptativo dos recursos pesqueiros por comunidades tradicionais do rio Cuiabá, Pantanal - MT

Abstract

The present work was developed in the Middle Cuiabá River, Pantanal of Mato Grosso, as the objective to describe the type of fishing on traditional fishing communities relating to traditional ecological knowledge (CET) of artisanal fishermen, characterizing and analyzing the use and adaptive management of fishery resources the survey was conducted in the fishing communities of Bonsucesso, Sucuri and Barranco Alto.Para research were developed surveys the field and guided tours of the communities and fishing spots. snowball methods were used, open interviews, semi-structured and free list of technical questionnaire, for data analysis were used analysis Speeches, similarity analysis by Smith index, consensus analysis, scheduling multidimenciona by Antropac program and analysis of networks social Ulcinet the program. The results demosntram that fishermen have traditional ecological knowledge robust due to know, identify and use directly and indirectly on artisanal fishing practice 74 species of fish in the Pantanal, aimed at maintaining the fishing activity of subsistence and comercialização.A information obtained from this survey demonstrate the historical, generational and economic link between fishermen and link these with the floodable ecosystem that use, live and handle over gerações.Essas information is translated by the adaptability of the artisanal fisherman, due to observations and ecological experiments conducted by them, this knowledge produces a diversity of practices and fisheries strategies, conditions territoriality among fishermen, guaranteeing adapted fisheries management environmental conditions imposed by the river flood pulse Cuiabá.As pressures fisherfolk occur frequently in the Cuiabá river and Pantanal of Mato Grosso, originating from the market and the government, through institutions such as legislation and coercive surveillance, which are operationalized more rigid and threatening forms of traditional fishing communities. From this study it was concluded that the CTE of the artisanal fisherman is reliable with respect to the diversity of fish in the river Cuiaba, this knowledge and know-how systematic is informative to generate basic data on biology and ecology of fish categories, locally managed in fishing as the Cuiabá river flood pulse in the Pantanal and neglected by fisheries managers in Mato Grosso.