O diálogo em Paulo Freire: uma análise a partir da Pedagogia do Oprimido e da Pedagogia da Esperança

Abstract

Paulo Freire is an important thinker in the education sector and brings many contributions to reflect the possibility of transformation of society and individuals. The dialogue is central in his theory and plays an important role in today's society, since this is in a more democratic moment, with wide access to information and the possibility of questioning the social roles. Similarly, the school's role is no longer what it used to and the dialogue appears as a real possibility for the school address the needs of the information society. In this sense, this research sought to answer the following question: As the concept of dialogue is presented in the works Pedagogy of oppressed (2003) and Pedagogy of hope: a reunion with the Pedagogy of the Oppressed (2008) of Paulo Freire? The choice of works was made considering the following elements: the first work is a milestone in the theory of Paulo Freire and the second, is a reliving of the first, made from the reflection of the author's experiences in the 22 years that have passed between the publication of the two works. Based on that issue and starting from the hypothesis that a change has occurred in the concept of dialogue, this research aimed to: 1) Identify the concept of dialogue in each selected work; 2) To analyze the similarities and differences of the concept of dialogue in the analyzed works; and 3) Check what caused the change (if it occurred) the concept of dialogue. The methodological procedures used were the bibliographic research and content analysis, performing the analysis from the sections containing the diál and dial radicals. From the analysis of the two works we could understand the dialogue in its theoretical and practical dimensions, and the role that both occupy in the search for social transformation. In general we note that, from the context of changes that went Freire and, from the change of the aspects that influenced your writing in both works, the dialogue now occupies a different place in his theory, changed, a way to achieve the transformation to be the transformation both in the subject and the relationship he has with his reality. Still, we identified that the relationships and the dialogue that the author has established in the course of your life with different groups, significantly influenced the changes of this concept mainly through the concepts unity in diversity and democracy, coming from his reflections on pedagogy of hope. Therefore, the contribution of this research is the defense of Freire's dialogue as a necessary element for the recognition of diversity, for learning and for a better future for all people, and the possibility of transforming education.