Tesis
Gestão dos recursos pesqueiros do complexo estuarinolagunar de Cananéia-Iguape-Ilha Comprida, litoral sul de São Paulo, Brasil.
Date
2007-06-01Registration in:
MENDONÇA, Jocemar Tomasino. Gestão dos recursos pesqueiros do complexo estuarinolagunar
de Cananéia-Iguape-Ilha Comprida, litoral sul de São Paulo, Brasil.. 2007. 384 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Biológicas) - Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, 2007.
Author
Mendonça, Jocemar Tomasino
Institutions
Abstract
Mendonça J. T., 2007
The south coast of the São Paulo State the fisheries resources are the economic base
of the region, with a variety of fish, crustaceans and clams, with diversification of the arts fishiries
by the local communities. The work was developed in the south coast of the State of São Paulo
(Brazil), in the Estuarino-lagunar Iguape-Cananéia-Paranaguá Complex, in the area called of
lagamar of Cananéia, Iguape and Ilha Comprida, and final portion in the Ribeira of Iguape river,
with the total period of the information between February of 1995 the December of 2006, with dates
of each city. The region fisheries activit presents a concern aspect, but don t despairing aspect, since
involve three cities (Cananéia, Iguape and Ilha Comprida cities) with IDH medium and clear
conditions of improvements. It involves 50 fishing communities with particular and similar
characteristics between itself, with the agricultural comunities with lesser incomes, having devotion
to fisheries and the parallels activities as agriculture and the extrativismo, mainly vegetal. The main
fishing products of the south coast are: broadband anchovy (Anchoviella lepidentostole), the seabob
shrimp (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri), the king weakfish (Macrodon ancylodon), the grey mullet (Mugil
platanus), the white mullet (Mugil curema), the whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri), the
blue swimming crab (Callinectes sapidus) and the mangrove oyster (Crassostrea brasiliana). The
fishing fleet of the region has as characteristic to be of small scale and artesanal, with boats wooden
with small autonomy of sea or of estuary, with high number of arts and methods of fisheries, as well
as dependence of harvests. The problems main problems found in the activity fishing are the lack or
inadequate fiscalization, the commercialization of the products the values insufficient for the
maintenance of the activity the levels compensatory and deficiency in the management fisheries
regional, without endorsement of the state and federal managing agencies. Seven species presented
significant reduction in its abundance (seabob shrimp, broadband anchovy, mangrove oyster, white
mullet, king weakfish, blue crab and atlantic thread herring Opistonema oglinum); three species
presented increase in the abundance index (pink shrimp, crab-uçá and grey mullet); and four has its
abundance indices stasble (whitemouth croaker, white sea catfish Genidens barbus, southern white
shrimp Litopenaeus schmitti and castin leatherjacket Oligoplites saliens). To implement the
fisheries recources management is necessary the strengthem of the Management Council of the
APA-CIP with co-management, of deliberative character and with discussion of the problems and
guiding of the solutions, including normatives, control and promotion of the activity through the
institutions that compose it. The biggest problem for the implementation of a co-management is the
lack of compromise of the management agencies with the society, presenting lack structure
agencies, as well as the lack of will politics to share decisions and to divide the actions power. The
fisheries management would have to be ecosystem approach fisheries, since the fishing of some species (multispecific), dependents of harvests, with fisheries diversify, arts and methods fisheries,
with other productive activities to fishery. For fisheries resources with recuction of abundance
indices the fisheries management could be local with the species that have its confined live cycles in
the region, don t making part of the captures in other areas of the Brazilian coast, having as main
management instrument the limitation of the fisheries effort through the fisheries cadastre and
licensing of the fishermen and boats in regional way, with administration through the Management
Council, its assign to rules and requirements to guarantee the activity to the fishermen local. For
fisheries resources that have its live cycles outside region, to make part of the captures of other
fishing capture to long of Brasilian coast, the best way of fisheries management, possibly would be
of analysis of all area of fish of the resource, with joint actions with all involved ones, limiting the
number of users, establishing exploration areas, with new licensing and permissions fisheries of the
boats that will act in each area.